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Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1-4 > Ch. 1 Orientation to the Human Body > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Orientation to the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

What is the structure of the body called?

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

How the body function is called?

A

Physiology

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3
Q

What does Pathophysiology mean?

A

Patho (means suffering or disease)

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4
Q

The human body is organized from the very _____ to the very ____

A

Very SIMPLE to the very COMPLEX

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5
Q

List the organization of the body to simple to complex

A

Hint: AMOCT OOO (AMOCT TRIPLE O)

Atom, Molecule, (macromolecule), Organelle, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

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6
Q

Name the 11 Organ Systems

Hint: MURDERS LINC (Credit to D. Samuel)

A

Muscular System, Urinary System, Respiratory/Reproductive System,
Digestive System, Endocrine System, Respiratory/Reproductive System, Skeletal System, Lymphatic System, Integumentary System, Nervous System, Circulatory System.

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7
Q

Consist of Skeletal Muscles with key functions being movement, posture and heat production.

A

Muscular System

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8
Q

Consist of kidneys, uterus, urethra, urinary bladder

A

Urinary System

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9
Q

What are the key functions to the Urinary system?

A

Excrete waste, regulate blood volume and pressure, control fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance

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10
Q

True or False:

One of the key functions to the Respiratory System is speech.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

True or False:

The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, skin, and ligaments.

A

FALSE

Respiratory system consists of the Nose, Pharynx, Larynex, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs

SKIN is a part of the Integumentary system while LIGAMENTS is a part of the skeletal system.

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12
Q

True or False:

The Respiratory System key functions are: Absorb oxygen, discharge carbon dioxide, acid-base balance, speech

A

TRUE

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13
Q

The organ system key function is to eliminate waste, breakdown and absorb nutrients is called ____

A

Digestive System

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14
Q

Consist of the: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine, liver and pancreas

A

Digestive System

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15
Q

Endocrine system consists of and key functions?

A

Hint: “why you crine (crying)?”

The endocrine system consists of: Pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid

Key functions are: Produce hormones, control and regulation of other systems

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16
Q

Which two systems consist of pancreas:

A

Digestive and Endocrine system

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17
Q

Consist of:

Male: Testes, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, penis
Female: Ovaries, breast, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

Key Functions:

Male: Produce and Deliver Sper, secrete of sex hormones
Female: produce eggs, fertilize and fetal development, birth, laceration, secrete sex hormones

A

Reproductive System

18
Q

True or False:

The circulatory system consists of: Heart, Veins, arteries, capillaries

A

TRUE

19
Q

What system key functions are the following:

Distributes oxygen, nutrients, waste, hormones, electrolytes, immune cells and antibodies, fluid and acid-base balance

A

Circulatory System

20
Q

This system consists of spinal cord, brain, nerves, sense organs

A

Nervous System

21
Q

Key functions of the Nervous system are:

Control, regulate and coordinate of other system, sensations and?

A

Memory

22
Q

Integumentary System consist of and key functions?

A

Hint: Skin, Hair and Nails Vitamins

Consist of Skin, Hair & Nails
Key functions: protect, regulate temperature, sensation, water retention

23
Q

True or False:

The lymphatic system DO NOT consist of Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph thymus, spleen, tonsils

A

FALSE

It actually DO consist of Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph thymus, spleen, tonsils

with key functions:

Fluid balance, produce immune cells, defense against disease

24
Q

The skeletal system consists of:

A

Bones, Cartilage and Ligaments

25
Q

The key functions of the skeletal system are:

A

Protect organs, support, movement, blood formation

26
Q

Proximal means:

A

close to the origin

27
Q

Distal means:

A

far from the origin

28
Q

Deep means:

A

Away from the body’s surface

29
Q

Superficial means:

A

close to the body’s surface

30
Q

Inferior means:

A

Below (towards the feet)

31
Q

Superior means:

A

Above (towards the head)

32
Q

Lateral means:

A

Away from the midline (left or right)

33
Q

Medial means:

A

Towards the body’s midline

34
Q

Anterior (Ventral) means:

A

Towards the front of the body (Palms forward)

35
Q

Posterior (Dorsal) means:

A

Towards the back of the body (palms backward)

36
Q

What is the difference between the following body planes:

Sagittal (midsagittal), Frontal (coronal-crown) and Transverse (horizonal)

A

Sagittal (midsagittal): Splitting the body into left and right.​

Frontal (coronal - crown): Dividing the body into front and back.​

Transverse (horizontal): Slicing horizontally, separating top and bottom​

37
Q

What are the two major cavities of the body?

A

The Ventral & Dorsal cavity

38
Q

The dorsal cavity contains ____

A

Cranial & Spinal Cavity

39
Q

The constancy or Balance of the body’s internal environment is called

A

Homeostasis

40
Q

What are the 9 abdominal regions:

A

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac

Right Lumbar, Umbilical, Left Lumbar

Right Iliac, Hypogastric, Left Iliac

Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1-4 (2 decks)

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