Ch 1 Neck Anatomy Flashcards
List reasons why people would get a neck u/s?
-Thyroid evaluation (post thyroidectomy, radiation, ablation)
-Parathyroid evaluation
-Lymph node evaluation
-Salivary gland evaluation
-Post surgical
-Lumps/bumps
-Neck vasculature
-Biopsies/fine needle aspiration
Which probe should we start with?
The highest frequency linear probe available
(ML 6-15)
What is the set-up for a neck + thyroid exam?
-Have machine in line with the head of the bed to avoid reaching
-May remove pillow or place pillow lower under shoulders to extend neck
-May use reverse trendelenburg
-Tuck towels into shirt to have access to neck
What is known as the adams apple?
Laryngeal prominence
What are the 4 strap/infrahyoid muscles?
-Sternohyoid
-Sternothyroid
-Thyrohyoid
-Omohyoid
Where are the strap muscles located in regards to the thyroid?
Anterior to the thyroid
Where is the longus colli muscle located in regards to the thyroid?
Posterior to thyroid
Where is the sternocleidomastoid muscle located in regards to the thyroid?
Lateral to strap muscles + thyroid
Where is the anterior scalene muscle located in regards to the thyroid?
Posterior + lateral to thyroid
(lateral to longus colli muscle)
List 4 important landmarks of the neck?
-Trachea (windpipe - connects throat to lungs)
-Esophagus (connects throat to stomach)
-Common carotid artery
-Internal jugular vein
Is the esophagus more prominent on the left or right side?
Left
Does the esophagus often look like a nodule?
Yes! Can turn into SAG + get the pt to swallow to ensure it is the esophagus
Where is the trachea + esophagus located in regards to the thyroid?
In the center of the thyroid, although the esophagus m/c appears on the left
How many salivary glands are there + what are they?
3 glands:
-Parotids (in front of ears)
-Submandibular/SMG (below jaw)
-Sublinguals (under tongue)
List the glands of the neck?
-Salivary glands
-Thyroid gland
-Parathyroid glands
How many parathyroid glands are there + what are they?
Typically 4:
-2 superior + posterior to mid/upper thyroid
-2 inferior + posterior to lower thyroid
(this varies)
Do we normally see the parathyroid glands?
No! Only see them when they are abnormal
Why do we use neck regions?
To describe the location of lymph nodes + other pathology
(used routinely for neck screening post thyroid cancer + thyroidectomy)
Explain neck region level 1?
Submental/submandibular
1A - submental (b/w anterior bellies of the digastric muscles)
1B - submandibular (contains the SMG - bold)
Explain neck region level 2?
Upper internal jugular chain
2A - contains the jugulodigastic nodes (bold) + internal jugular vein (IJV)
2B - posterior to IJV
Explain neck region level 3?
Middle internal jugular plane
Superiorly: contains hyoid bone
Inferiorly: contains inf border of cricoid cartilage
Also: contains portion of the SCM
Explain neck region level 4?
Lower internal jugular plane
-Starts at the inferior border of cricoid cartilage
-Contains medial supraclavicular nodes (bold)
Explain neck region level 5?
Posterior triangle
5A - superior part
5B - inferior part that includes lateral supraclavicular nodes (bold)
Explain neck region level 6?
Anterior compartment
Superiorly: inferior border of hyoid
Inferiorly: superior border of SSN
Also: thyroid bed (bold)
