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Geology > Ch. 1 Natural Disasters > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Natural Disasters Flashcards

1
Q

What is stress?

A
  1. A pyschological/physical response in organisms to changes in evironment
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2
Q

What can trigger stress?

A

Real or perceived/poisitive or negative changes

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3
Q

Eustress

A

Good Stress

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4
Q

Distress

A

bad stress

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5
Q

Acute stress

A

intense, brief duration

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6
Q

Chronic Stress

A

low intensity, long duration

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7
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

A complex system of nerves and networks in the brain that controls the basic emotions and drives.

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8
Q

Why is the hypothalamus important in physiological response to stress?

A

The hypothalamaus regulates many ‘autonomic’ body functions (hunger, thirst, pain, etc.)

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9
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

A

mobilize the body’s nervous system fight-or-flight response

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10
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

regulation of internal organs and glands, which occurs unconsciously (tears, sexual arousal, digestive, etc.)

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11
Q

What role does the adrenal gland play in a stress response?

A

Releases stress hormones, increased heart rate, blood pressure, glucose levels, perspiration, lowered pain sensitivity, decrease clotting time

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12
Q

What are some of the more common strtess hormones released during a stress response?

A

cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine

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13
Q

How do basic body functions change during a stress response?

A

Amount of stress hormones released by adrenal glands

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14
Q

What is meant by fight, flight, or freeze?

A

Your body’s natural reaction to stress

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15
Q

Tend and befriend?

A

Your body’s natural response to help someone under stress

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16
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

self regulation of body functions (heart rate, temperature, respiration, etc.)

17
Q

How is memory impacted differently by acute vs. chronic stress?

A

Acute stress is typically harder to forget

18
Q

What is the difference between stress, psychological trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder?

A

Stress deals with a change in an organisms environment which can lead to psychological trauma. Pyschological trauma induces feelings of helplessness, horror, or intense fear and feelings overwhelmed ability to cope. Post-traumatic stress disorder deals with extended affects of psychological drama greater than one month

19
Q

How do humans respond differently from single vs. repeated trauma?

A

Single even trauma is typically easier to overcome than repeated. Trauma can be cumulative

20
Q

In general, how much time elapses before most people recover from psychological trauma?

A

Less than one month

21
Q

What percentage of people suffering from psychological trauma will be affected by PTSD?

A

5% to 20%

22
Q

What kind of events would be more likely to result in PTSD?

A

war, natural disasters, car or plane crashes, terrorist attacks

23
Q

What types of behaviors are common in individuals suffering from PTSD?

A

Severe anxiety and depression, avoidance, substance abuse, isolationism

24
Q

In what ways can individuals suffering from psychological trauma or PTSD recover?

A

Social interactions, grieving, returning to a routine, healthy living

25
Q

What types of natural disasters are essentially geologic in nature?

A

earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides

26
Q

Atmospheric disasters?

A

hurricanes and winter storms, tornadoes, heat wave

27
Q

Hydrologic disasters?

A

flooding, tsunami

28
Q

Extraterrestrial disasters?

A

asteroid and comet impacts

29
Q

How might a natural disaster affect an individual?

A

Fatalities and injuries, economic loss, human displacement, influencing factors

30
Q

What factors play a role in the degree to which individuals and society are affected by natural disasters?

A

location, population density, infrastructure and economic importance

31
Q

Why would the design of infrastucture affect the severity of a natural disasters?

A

Builders must first think about how they want to design an infrastructure based on the area

32
Q

How might prediction of a natural disaster minimize its impact?

A

People would be well aware of what is about to happen and they’d know what and what not to do in that situation

33
Q

How might preparation for a natural disaster help minimize its impact?

A

When a natural disaster does occur, there would be less chaos

34
Q

Why is insurance and disaster relief important for dealing with natural disasters?

A

Gives people peace of mind and knowing that they have something to fall back on during a crisis

35
Q

What role can education play towards minimizing the impacts of natural disasters on individuals and society?

A

People will know what to do during a natural disaster and how to handle it.

36
Q
A

Geology (2 decks)

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