Ch-1: Intro to Networking Flashcards
1
Q
OSI
A
Open System Interconnection
2
Q
Networking Models:
A
- Set of rules that everybody should follow
- Every company has their own N/w model.
Ex: 1. IBM - Systems N/w architecture (SNA).
2. Digital equipment coorporation (DECnet)
3
Q
What does having vendor neutral protocol help with?
A
- it reduces complexity
Con: increases competition
4
Q
Which org created OSI model?
A
International Org for Standardization (ISO)
5
Q
How many layers does OSI model have?
A
- Physical layer
- Data link layer
- Network layer
- Transport layer
- Session layer
- Presentation layer
- Application layer
6
Q
Physical layer?
A
- Medium in which actual bit transmission (0s & 1s) takes place (wireless or wired medium).
- Controls the rate at which the bits are sent (Bit Rate Control).
Ex: 1 Gbps , 10 Gbps…
1 Gbps- in 1 sec , you send 10^9 bits.
7
Q
Data link layer:
A
- Uses MAC addresses (Switching happens here)
- Negotiation of speed
- Duplex negotiation
- full duplex
- half duplex
8
Q
What are the types of duplex negotiation?
A
- full duplex (able to speak as well as hear) - 2-way communication
Ex: phone - half duplex 1-way communication
Ex: walkie talkie
9
Q
Network layer:
A
- takes care of Routing packets by discovering the best path across physical networks
- uses IP address to find the best path
10
Q
What is an end point?
A
Where data is originated or terminated.
Ex: PC, tablet, server, cellphone, etc.)
11
Q
What are networking devices? Give examples.
A
Data will flow through them (does not terminate)
- Switch
- Router
12
Q
Transport layer:
A
- Flow control (TCP/UDP)
- provides error recovery
13
Q
Session layer:
A
Creates communication channels or sessions for data transfer.
14
Q
Presentation layer:
A
- takes care of Encryption (encoding)
- prepares the data for application layer.
- compression of data
15
Q
Application layer:
A
- This layer interacts with users.
- software is built on this (web browsers)
