Ch 1 intro Flashcards
HAZMAT
Substances that posses harmful characteristics / any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk to health, safety, property or environment
Name a few potential causes of HAZMAT
Human error Malfunction Container failure Accidents Deliberate: chem suicides, terrorism,
NFPA 1072
Standard for HAZMAT/WMD emergency response
NFPA 472
Standard for competencies of responders to HAZMAT/WMD
NFPA 473
Standard for competencies for EMS responding to HAZMAT/WMD
29 CFR 1910.120
HAZWOPER regulation
Awareness level
Limited defensive actions, such as calling for help, Evac, secure scene
Operations level
Allowed to perform defensive actions, but are not expected to come into direct contact with HAZMAT
Operations mission specific
Trained beyond the set of core competencies to perform defensive and limited offensive actions. May include socialized equipment and perform tasks that MIGHT come into contact with HAZMAT
What are the 3 level of HAZMAT response in NFPA 1072/472
Awareness
Operations
Operations mission-specific
APIE
Analyze the incident
Plan the initial response
Implement the response
Evaluate progress
NFPA 472, set forth a 4 step process know as?
APIE
What does the Awareness level do?
- Recognize HAZMAT is pr sent or potentially present
- Protect themselves and others
- Communicate information
- Establish scene control by isolation and denial to area
What does Operations Level responded do?
- Identify potential hazard
- identify response
- implement plan
- evaluate
What materials does OSHA allow for operations level offensive ops involving flammable liquids
Gasoline
Diesel
Natural gas
LPG
What are some mission specific tasks?
PPE Mass Decon Tech Decon Evidence Product control Rescue/recovery Response to illicit lab incidents
What is a Hazard
Condition, substance, or device that can directly cause injury or loss, a source of risk
Acute
Single exposure or repeated in a short period
Chronic
Long duration recurring over time
Routes of entry
Inhalation
Ingestion
Absorption
Injection
Three primary mechanisms of harm
- energy release
- corrosively
- toxicity
TRACEM
- Thermal: temp extremes
- Radiological
- Asphyxiation
- Chemical:
- Etiological / Biological: bacteria or virus
- Mechanical: direct contact via friction or striking
TRACEM mechanisms of harm
Thermal - Energy Radiological - Energy Asphyxiation - Toxicity Chemical - Corrosivity / Toxicity Etiological/ Bio - toxicity Mechanical - Energy
Corrosives
Chemicals that destroy or burn living tissue
SARA
Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act
What are the 3 primary missions of Homeland Security
- Prevent terrorism
- Reduce terrorism vulnerability
- Minimize the damage from potential attacks and natural disasters
When do most HAZMATs occur?
While trucks are transporting via highway rather than air, rail, or water
What are the products most involved in HAZMAT
Flammable / combustible liquids, petroleum products, paint, resins, and adhesives
Corrosives, sulfuric acid, hydrochloride a is, sodium hydroxide
Anhydrous Ammonia
Chlorine
