Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Krause Food & Nutrition Care Process: 15th Edition > Ch. 1. Intake: GI Digestion, Absorption, & Excretion of Nutrients > Flashcards

Ch. 1. Intake: GI Digestion, Absorption, & Excretion of Nutrients Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Gourmet Food flashcards
1
Q

A hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate and inhibit gastrin secretion

A

Secretin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The semifluid, gruel-like material produced by the gastric digestion of food

A

Chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Non-digestible food ingredients that have a specific stimulatory effect on GIT bacteria

A

Prebiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Large cells that are scattered along the walls of the stomach and secrete hydrochloric acid in gastric juice

A

Parietal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes, stimulate gallbladder contraction, slows gastric emptying, stimulates colonic activity, and may regulate appetite

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The movement of particles by a carrier protein across cell membranes that require energy (ATP)

A

Active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Polypeptide gastrointestinal hormone that promotes gastric emptying and intestinal motility

A

Motilin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A complex of primarily free fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts that allows lipids to be absorbed into intestinal mucosal cells

A

Micelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An enzyme secreted by the pancreas that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch

A

Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Minute cylindrical processes that are found on the surface of the intestinal cells and greatly increase their absorptive surface area

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An enzyme in pancreatic juice that hydrolyzes the ester linkages between fatty acids and glycerol

A

Pancreatic lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Movement by which the alimentary canal propels its contents

A

Peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Microvilli that greatly increase the surface area of intestinal mucosal cells

A

Brush-border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Numerous finger-like projections that cover the surface of the small intestine mucosa

A

Villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A polypeptide hormone secreted from the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas that tends to inhibit other gastrointestinal secretions and motility

A

Somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hormone that is produced by the antral mucosa of the stomach and stimulates gastric secretions and motility

A

Gastrin

17
Q

A protease active only in the acid environment of the stomach serves to change the shape and size of some proteins in a meal

A

Pepsin

18
Q

The process of fermenting and absorbing end products of dietary carbohydrates, fiber, and amino acids in the large intestine

A

Colonic salvage

19
Q

Food or concentrate of living organisms that contributes to a healthy microbial environment and suppresses potential harmful microbes

A

Probiotic

20
Q

Movement of particles via a transport or carrier protein

A

Facilitated diffusion

21
Q

About what percentage of the mixed American diet is digested and absorbed?

A

90-97%

22
Q

The mixing of chyme and digestive secretion is

A

Segmentation

23
Q

The pH of the lumen is too low, gastrin secretion is

A

Inhibited

24
Q

What inhibits gastrin secretion?

A

1) Impulse from vagus nerve: smell or sight of food
2) Distention of antrum after eating
3) Presence of secretagogues in antrum: partial digested proteins, fermented alcohol drinks, caffeine, or food extracts (bouillon)

25
Q 
Which of the following enzymes is secreted by the stomach?
Motilin
CCK
Gastrin
Secretin
A

Gastrin

26
Q

Bile is important for the digestion of

A

Fats

27
Q

What are the 3 proteolytic enzymes?

A

Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Pepsin

28
Q

Where are most nutrients absorbed?

A

Small intestine

29
Q

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

A

Mouth

30
Q

What are some good sources of Prebiotics?

A

Veg: Onions, garlic, asparagus
Fruit: Bananas, apples, stone fruits, mangos
Grains, legumes, chicory, Jerusalem artichokes, soybeans, and wheat bran

31
Q

What are some good sources of Probiotics?

A

Fermented food products such as yogurt, miso, sauerkraut, kimchi, and kefir

32
Q

Approximately what volume of colon contents are bacteria?

A

35-50%

33
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

The gallbladder

34
Q

What is the current recommendation for fiber consumption?

A

14g per 1000kcal

35
Q

Where does bacterial fermentation occur?

A

The large intestine

36
Q

Incretin hormones act to

A

Lower blood sugar

37
Q

Enzymatic fat digestion begins in the

A

Mouth

Krause Food & Nutrition Care Process: 15th Edition (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions