Ch. 1-Globalization Flashcards
The relationships among the world’s state governments and the connection of those relationships with other actors (UN), with other social relationships (economics), & with geographic and historical influences
International relations
A tangible or intangible good, created by the members of a group, that is available to all group members regardless of their individual contribution; participants can gain by lowering their own contribution, yet if too many do so, the good cannot be provided
Collective goods problem
A principle for solving collective goods problems by imposing solutions hierarchically
Dominance
A response in kind to another’s actions; uses positive forms of leverage to promise rewards and negative forms of leverage to threaten punishment
Reciprocity
A principle for solving collective goods problems by changing participants’ preferences based on their shared sense of belonging to a community
Identity
Distinct spheres of intl. activity (such as global trade negotiations) within which policy makers of various states face conflicts and sometimes achieve cooperation
Issue areas
The types of actions that states take toward each other through time
Conflict and cooperation
A subfield of intl. relations that focuses on questions of war and peace
International security
The study of the politics of trade, monetary, and other economic relations among nations, and their connection to other transnational forces
International political economy
An inhabited territorial entity controlled by a government that exercises sovereignty over its territory
State
The set of relationships among the world’s states, structured by certain rules and patterns of interaction
International system
States whose populations share a sense of national identity, usually including a language and culture
Nation-states
The size of a state’s total annual economic activity
GDP
Actors other than state governments that operate either below the level of the state or across state’s borders
Nonstate actors
An organization (such as the UN) whose members are state governments
Intergovernmental organizations (IGO)
A transnational group (such as Catholic Church) that interacts with states, multinational corporations, and IGOs
Nongovernmental organization (NGO)
The increasing integration of the world in terms of communications, culture, and economics; may also refer to changing subjective experiences of space and time accompanying this process
Globalization
The disparity in resources (income, wealth, power) between the industrialized, relatively rich countries of the West and the poorer countries of Africa, Middle East, and much of Asia and Latin America
North-South gap
An organization established after WWI and a forerunner of today’s UN
League of Nations
A symbol of the failed policy of appeasement allowing Nazi Germany to occupy a part of Czechoslovakia. Rather than appease Germany, it was followed by further German expansions, triggered WWII
Munich Agreement
The hostile relations, punctuated by occasional periods of improvement or détente, between the two superpowers, the US and Soviet Union
Cold War
A policy adopted in the late 1940s by which the US sought to halt the global expansion of Soviet influence on several levels
Containment
A rift in the 1960s between the communist powers of the Soviet and China, fueled by China’s opposition to Soviet moves toward peaceful coexistence with the US
Sino-Soviet split
A superpower crisis, sparked by the Soviet’s installation of medium-range nuclear missiles in Cuba
Cuban Missile Crisis
Wars in the third world in which the US and the Soviet jockeyed for position by supplying and advising opposing factions
Proxy wars
