Ch. 1 Foundations for the Sonography Student

Question 1

An organization that offers national exams for all sonography specialtiessda

Answer 1

American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers (ARDMS)

Question 2

An organization that offers national certification exams for radiographers and some sonography students.

Answer 2

American Registry of Radiologic Technologists

Question 3

This is the general state of worry and fear before confronting something emotionally or physically challenging.

Answer 3

Anxiety

Question 4

An x-ray procedure that utilizes a contrast agent to examine a joint, such as the shoulder, knee, or hip.

Answer 4

Arthrography

Question 5

Reasonings based on opinions or guesses.

Answer 5

Assumptions

Question 6

The term for the sound range that can be detected by the human ear.

Answer 6

Audible sound

Question 7

A test preparation technique in which a large amount of information is memorized by a test taker and, when the test commences, the test taker “dumps” the information on a scrap piece of paper or the test.

Answer 7

Brain dumping

Question 8

The colloquial name of the pharmaceutical agent used in nuclear medicine imaging to examine the blood flow of the heart in a nuclear stress test.

Answer 8

Cardiolite

Question 9

Physicians who diagnose and treat heart and blood vessel disorders.

Answer 9

Cardiologists

Question 10

A specialized radiographer that assists physicians in the treatment and diagnosis of cardiac and blood vessel disorders under fluoroscopy.

Answer 10

Cardiovascular Interventional Technologist

Question 11

Unassisted sonographic examinations that are graded to determine fundamental proficiency.

Answer 11

Clinical competencies.

Question 12

The information gathered in a clinical history which is used to offer an indication, or reason, for a diagnostic examination.

Answer 12

Clinical findings

Question 13

Signs & symptoms, pertinent illnesses, past surgeries, laboratory findings, and the results of other diagnostic testing of a patient used to develop findings.

Answer 13

Clinical History

Question 14

A book used by students for personal and professional reflection. This should NOT contain information such as names, ID numbers, or any any other personal identifying information.

Answer 14

Clinical Journal

Question 15

An imaging modality that uses x-ray to obtain cross-sectional images of the body in multiple planes.

Answer 15

Computed Tomography (CT, or CAT scan)

Question 16

A substance that is either ingested or injected into the body to enhance the visualization of specific anatomy. Certain types can also be used to treat disease.

Answer 16

Contrast agent (contrast medium)

Question 17

A medium placed on the skin to allow ultrasound waves to enter the body.

Answer 17

Coupling gel (also referred to as ultrasound gel)

Question 18

Resourceful actions, judgements, and decisions based on the combination of professional knowledge, experience, integrity, and ethical standards.

Answer 18

Critical thinking skills

Question 19

This is the optimal location on the body for placement of the ultrasound transducer to demonstrate both normal anatomy and pathology; the best image acquired by manipulating and placing the ultrasound transducer in the most favorable position. Some organs can provide a better acoustic window for improved viewing of adjacent anatomy.

Answer 19

Acoustic (sonographic) Window

Question 20

When radiographers or other imaging specialists are learning how to perform another imaging modality in the clinical setting without specific classroom training.

Answer 20

Cross-training

Question 21

Typically a registered radiographer who has undergone specific classroom and clinical training to perform computed tomography examinations.

Answer 21

CT Technologist

Question 22

A targeted mammogram, typically performed after a screening mammogram to further analyze the characteristics of a breast lesion

Answer 22

Diagnostic mammogram

Question 23

An interpreting physician who provides a diagnosis

Answer 23

Diagnostician

Question 24

A diagnostic method used to create a short list of possible diseases based on signs and symptoms.

Answer 24

Differential diagnoses

Question 25

The body's physiologic reaction to a real or imagined threat that arises from situations that cause fear or anger.

Answer 25

Fight-or-flight response

Question 26

An x-ray procedure that allows direct or real-time imaging of structures within the body

Answer 26

Fluoroscopy

Question 27

A contrast agent used in MRI

Answer 27

Gadolinium

Question 28

The leading tool to diagnose certain diseases such as mammography for breast imaging and sonography for gallbladder disease.

Answer 28

Gold standard

Question 29

A fluoroscopic procedure that involves the passing of a catheter into the right or left side of the heart, typically from the groin or arm, in order to evaluate and treat disorders related to the blood flow of the heart.

Answer 29

Heart catheterization

Question 30

A pledge observed by physicians and occasionally other healthcare professionals containing some basic guidelines for ethical standards and conduct between the healthcare provider and the patient

Answer 30

Hippocratic Oath

Question 31

A basis for an examination; a valid reason to perform a certain test

Answer 31

Indication

Question 32

Answers that are based on gained factual knowledge using critical thinking.

Answer 32

Inferences

Question 33

The sound range below the normal hearing range of humans

Answer 33

Infrasound

Question 34

A healthcare classification system that provides a system of diagnostic codes for classifying diseases.

Answer 34

International Classifications of Diseases - Tenth edition (ICD-10)

Question 35

A branch of radiology that uses various imaging modalities to treat or further characterize disease by means of biopsy or minimally invasive procedures.

Answer 35

Interventional radiology

Question 36

Procedures that include an imaging modality to treat disease; typically involves the use of catheters, needles, and surgical asepsis techniques (sterile technique)

Answer 36

Invasive procedures

Question 37

Technique used by sonographers by which they obtain sonographic protocol images while simultaneously searching for and identifying abnormalities.

Answer 37

Investigative imaging

Question 38

Various approaches that individuals use toward education

Answer 38

Learning styles

Question 39

A learning method that we all use as we progress through education programs that includes a preparation phase, performance phase, and reflection phase.

Answer 39

Learning-testing cycle

Question 40

MRI technique used to visualize blood vessels

Answer 40

Magnetic resonance angiogram

Question 41

Imaging modality that utilizes magnetic waves to obtain images of the human body in various planes

Answer 41

Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 42

Breast imaging technique that utilizes x-rays

Answer 42

Mommography

Question 43

A physician who has specialized training that focuses on the medical and surgical management of high-risk pregnancies.

Answer 43

Maternal-fetal medicine specialist

Question 44

One million hertz

Answer 44

Megahertz

Question 45

A trained healthcare professional that assists patients throughout pregnancy

Answer 45

Midwife

Question 46

The act of intentionally focusing one's complete attention to the present experience on a moment-to-moment basis by using meditation techniques

Answer 46

Mindfulness

Question 47

Memorization technique; an acronym, for example, is an abbreviation formed from the initial components in a phrase or a word in order to aid in quick recall.

Answer 47

Mnemonics

Question 48

Imaging specialist trained in magnetic resonance imaging procedures.

Answer 48

MRI Technologist

Question 49

An x-ray procedure that utilizes a contrast agent to identify abnormalities of the spinal cord.

Answer 49

Myelography

Question 50

Imaging modality that employs the use of radioactive material for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Answer 50

Nuclear medicine

Question 51

Imaging specialist trained in nuclear medicine techniques.

Answer 51

Nuclear medicine technologist

Question 52

A nuclear medicine test that requires the patient to exercise or be injected with a medication that stresses the heart for imaging purposes.

Answer 52

Nuclear stress test

Question 53

An advanced practice registered nurse who provides patient care and has the ability to order diagnostic tests under the supervision of a physician.

Answer 53

Nurse practitioner

Question 54

Something that is not influenced by personal feelings or opinion in regard to facts

Answer 54

Objective

Question 55

A physician trained in the care of pregnant patients.

Answer 55

Obstetrician

Question 56

A disease process; also could be referring to the profession of studying and diagnosing disease.

Answer 56

Pathology

Question 57

Subjectively meaningful aspirations that individuals pursue as the go through life.

Answer 57

Personal goals

Question 58

A healthcare professional who practices medicine on a team under the supervision of a physician or surgeon and has the ability to order diagnostic tests.

Answer 58

Physician assistant

Question 59

Medical imaging technology that allows for the storage of digital studies for quick access and easy storage.

Answer 59

Picture archiving and communication system

Question 60

A technique that utilizes both the radionuclide imaging principles of nuclear medicine and the imaging techniques of computed tomography.

Answer 60

Positron Emission Tomography

Question 61

An inclusive order of necessary images acquired during a sonographic examination

Answer 61

Protocol

Question 62

Ultrasound waves are pulsed into the body by a transducer; the sonographic image is produced when the wave returns to the transducer.

Answer 62

Pulse-echo technique

Question 63

An x-ray image

Answer 63

Radiograph

Question 64

An imaging professional trained to obtain x-ray images and assist the radiologist in x-ray procedures

Answer 64

Radiographer

Question 65

The imaging specialty that utilizes x-rays to obtain images of the body

Answer 65

Radiography

Question 66

A physician that interprets radiologic procedures and also uses imaging modalities to treat disease.

Answer 66

Radiologist

Question 67

A nuclear medicine radioactive material that the patient inhales, ingests, or is injected with for a nuclear medicine test that is capable of concentrating on specific organs or systems in order to evaluate organ function.

Answer 67

Radiopharmaceutical

Question 68

Instant view of internal structures

Answer 68

Real-time imaging

Question 69

A practice room with ultrasound machines for students to use to gain scanning experience

Answer 69

Scan lab

Question 70

The act of performing a sonographic examination

Answer 70

Scanning

Question 71

A test in nuclear medicine in which the radiopharmaceutical is taken internally and the emitted radiation is captured by a gamma camera

Answer 71

Scintigraphy

Question 72

the initial mammographic images of the breast

Answer 72

Screening mammogram

Question 73

One's belief about his or her capability to achieve a designated level or performance

Answer 73

Self-efficacy

Question 74

Objective evidence of disease

Answer 74

Signs

Question 75

The national membership society for all specialties of sonography; offers membership benefits and helps set standards for the sonography profession.

Answer 75

Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

Question 76

A highly skilled medical professional trained to utilize ultrasound to image the human body

Answer 76

Sonographer

Question 77

Typically a written or typed document that provides basic descriptive information of the sonographic examination, including measurements of normal and abnormal structures, the sonographic appearance of organs and structures, and the manifestation of any sonographically identifiable abnormalities noted during the examination

Answer 77

Sonographic report

Question 78

Simulation objects created from tissue similar to the human body that can be used to practice sonographic examinations.

Answer 78

Sonography phantoms

Question 79

The body's typical reaction to challenging situations that are perceived as demands on time, energy, or resources with the threat that not enough time, energy, or resources exist to fulfill an obligation

Answer 79

Stress

Question 80

Individual events or perceived challenges places upon time, energy, or resources.

Answer 80

Stressors