Ch. 1 - Exam of the Mouth and Other Relevant Structures

Question 1

What do cold, clammy hands, or bitten fingernails indicate?

Answer 1

patient anxiety

Question 2

What do callused or unusually clean hands indicate?

Answer 2

sucking habit

Question 3

What may clubbing the of the fingers or bluish color of the nail beds suggest?

Answer 3

congenital heart disease

Question 4

Why are head lice, ringworm, or impetigo concerning?

Answer 4

they’re all contagious

Question 5

Why should variations of the size, shape, symmetry, or function of the head and neck structures be recorded?

Answer 5

Abnormalities of these structures may be related to syndromes or conditions associated with oral abnormalities

Question 6

What are immunodeficient children are at risk for?

Answer 6

early loss of bone support

Question 7

What do enlarged tonsils with purulent exudate signal?

Answer 7

A strep infection; which can lead to rheumatic fever. (Direct physician referral is indicated)

Question 8

What can tetracycline use during pregnancy cause?

Answer 8

discolored, pigmented and hypoplastic primary teeth

Question 9

When should a child have an established dental home?

Answer 9

within 6 months of eruption of the first tooth & no later than 12 months of age to conduct a CRA and provide parental education including Anticipatory Guidance for prevention of oral diseases.

Question 10

Why is it important to know if a patient is taking drugs?

Answer 10

It is important to know if the patient is taking drugs at the time of the dental visit because there could be interactions with drugs such as nitrous oxide

Question 11

Symptoms of substance abuse

Answer 11

depression, feelings of inadequacy, frustration, helplessness, immaturity, self-alienation, poor object relations & major deficiencies in ego structure and functioning.

Question 12

Why may pain from untreated dental conditions be masked in addiction?

Answer 12

because a patient is taking drugs that affect normal thought processes

Question 13

what is a common sign of depression and moodiness?

Answer 13

abrupt changes in behavior

Question 14

What percentage of adolescents (12-17 years of age) have smoked one or more cigarettes in the preceding month.

Answer 14

12%

Question 15

Of those adolescents (12-17 years of age) who have never smoked what percentage are considered susceptible to start smoking?

Answer 15

more than 22 %

Question 16

Concerning characteristics of children of wealthy parents

Answer 16

Increased risk of narcissism
Poor impulse control
Poor tolerance of frustration
Depression 
Poor coping ability
**many children in this group use drugs to cope**

Question 17

What is the 6th leading cause of death in 5-14 year olds?

Answer 17

suicide

Question 18

What is the 3rd leading cause of death in 15-24 year olds?

Answer 18

suicide

Question 19

According to the AAPD, how many teenagers commit suicide each year?

Answer 19

thousands

Question 20

How should metal or heat stable instruments should be sterilized?

Answer 20

In a steam autoclave, a dry heat oven or an unsaturated chemical vapor sterilizer

Question 21

How long might heat-sensitive items require exposure to a sterilization liquid?

Answer 21

10 hours

Question 22

How should all all reusable instruments be cleaned initially?

Answer 22

in an ultrasonic cleaner or washer/disinfector

Question 23

how often should biologic monitoring be completed in a dental office?

Answer 23

weekly

Question 24

How is antisepsis achieved after completing routine dental exams and non-surgical procedures?

Answer 24

handwashing by using plain or antimicrobial soap and water.

Question 25

If the hands are not visibly soiled what is an adequate/acceptable way to clean your hands?

Answer 25

an alcohol based hand rub

Question 26

What is the current CFU requirement for the proper treatment of a dental line?

Answer 26

Dental line should contain < 200 colony-forming units/mL (CFU/mL)

Question 27

What is ANTICIPATORY GUIDANCE?

Answer 27

term used to describe the discussion and implementation of a plan with the patient and/or parents

Question 28

A previously hospitalized child may ...

Answer 28

fear strangers in clinic attire

Question 29

Hospitalization and General Anesthesia

Answer 29

May be a traumatic psychological experience for a preschool child & may sensitize the child to procedures encountered later in a dental office.

Question 30

How can you help a fearful child who has previously had tx under GA?

Answer 30

By scheduling necessary time; procedures can be planned in order to overcome the fear and accept dental treatment

Question 31

what additional data might you want to collect at the initial visit?

Answer 31

``` Blood pressure Body temperature Heart sounds Height Weight Pulse Respiration Lab tests if indicated ```

Question 32

Define anticipatory guidance

Answer 32

the term often used to describe the discussion and implementation of such a plan with the patient and or parents (the plan should be a prevention plan and include recommendations designed to correct existing oral problems (or halt their progression) and to prevent anticipated future problems. initially the dentist makes a case presentation to the patient or parents, outlining the recommended course of treatment. this process should include the development and presentation of a prevention plan that outlines an ongoing comprehensive oral health care program for the patient and establishment of the "dental home"

Question 33

what is impetigo?

Answer 33

a contagious bacterial skin infection forming pustules and yellow crusty sores; these lesions occur on various skin surfaces but the dentist is most likely to encounter them on the upper body areas. the infections are bacterial (usually of streptococcal origin) and generally require antibiotic therapy for control. the child often spreads the infection by scratching the lesions

Question 34

what is a common example of a teenage experiment?

Answer 34

tobacco smoking

Question 35

dental water lines should contain how many CFU's?

Answer 35

<200 colony-forming units/mL (CFU/mL)

Question 36

dental units attached to hospital main water should be disinfected with what and how often?

Answer 36

with 500 ppm (also known as mg/L) chlorinated water every 4 months