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Intro to Human Anatomy > Ch 1 - Ch 11 > Flashcards

Ch 1 - Ch 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Adjoining bones united by collagen fibers

A

Fibrous

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2
Q

Adjoining united by cartilage

A

Cartilaginous

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3
Q

Adjoining bones separated by a joint cavity, covered with articular cartilage, and enclosed within an articular capsule lined with synovial membrane

A

Synovial

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4
Q

Fibrous suture joint - mobile or immobile

A

Immobile (synarthrosis)

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5
Q

Fibrous syndesmosis joint - mobile or immobile

A

Slightly mobile (amphiarthrosis) and immobile

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6
Q

Fibrous gomophosis (periodontal ligament) - mobile or immobile

A

Immobile (synarthrosis)

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7
Q

Cartilaginous synchondrosis (hyaline cartilage) - mobile or immobile

A

Immobile (As in the vertebrae)

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8
Q

Cartilaginous symphysis (fibrocartilage) - mobile or immobile

A

Slightly immobile

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9
Q

Synovial plane joint - location

A

Between tarsal and bones

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10
Q

Synovial hinge joint - location

A

Elbow

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11
Q

Synovial pivot joint- location

A

Between C1 and C2 vertebrae

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12
Q

Synovial condylar joint - location

A

Between radius and carpal bones of wrist

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13
Q

Synovial saddle joint - location

A

Between trapezium carpal bone and 1st metacarpal bone

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14
Q

Synovial ball-and-socket joint - location

A

Hip and shoulder joints

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15
Q

Review slide

A

46 and 47

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16
Q

Factors influencing stability of synovial joints

A

Articular surfaces, ligaments, and muscle tone

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17
Q

Fascicle arrangement: run in the same direction as the long axis of the muscle.

A

Parallel muscles (majority of skeletal muscles)

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18
Q

Fascicle arrangement: also called sphincters; when relaxed they are concentrically arranged bundles or muscle fibers and increase the size of the opening.

A

Circular (orbicularis oris and oculi)

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19
Q

Fascicle arrangement: when a muscle has a widespread expansion over a sizable area, but then the fascicles come to a single, common attachment pint, the muscle is called…

A

Convergent (pectoralis major)

20
Q

Fascicle arrangement: blend into a tendon that runs through the central region of the muscle for its whole length, somewhat like the quill of a feather with the muscle arranged similar to feathers.

A

Pennate (penna - feathers)

21
Q

A fixator that stabilizes the bone that is an attachment for the prime mover’s origin is called…

A

A synergist

22
Q

To left an item which muscle is considered the synergist?

A

The brachialis and the brachoradialis

23
Q

A muscle with the opposite action of the prime mover is called the…

A

Agonist

24
Q

Two roles of an agonist:

A

1) they maintain body or limb position, such as holding a limb erect
2) they control rapid movement, as in shadow boxing without landing a punch or the ability to check the motion of a limb

25
Q

When extending the knee, 4 muscles called the quadriceps femoris in the anterior compartment of the thigh. Are they the agonist or antagonist muscles?

A

Agonist

26
Q

When extending the knee, an opposite set of muscles called the hamstrings is activated. Are they the agonist or antagonist?

A

Antagonist

27
Q

When you do the opposite movement (knee bending) the muscles take the opposite role with the hamstrings now becoming the agonist and the quadriceps femurs becoming the antagonist. T or F?

A

True!

28
Q

When flexing the fingers and the hand at the wrist, which muscle(s) act as the agonist ?

A

Flexor digitorium superficialis and flexor digitorium profundus

29
Q

When extending the fingers and the hand at the wrist, which muscle(s) act as the agonist?

A

Extensor digitorum (in the posterior compartment of the forearm)

30
Q

When a parallel muscle has a central, large belly that is spindle-shaped, meaning it tapers as it extends to its origin and insertion, it is called…

A

Fusiform

31
Q

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on one side of the tendon

A

Unipennate

32
Q

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on both sides of the tendon

A

Bipennate

33
Q

Pennate muscle with fibers wrapping around the tendon, sometimes forming individual fascicles in the process

A

Multipennate

34
Q

When a parallel muscle has a central, large belly that is spindle-shaped, meaning it tapers as it extends to its origin and insertion, it is called…

A

Fusiform (biceps brachii)

35
Q

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on one side of the tendon

A

Unipennate (extensor digitorum longus)

36
Q

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on both sides of the tendon

A

Bipennate (rectus femoris)

37
Q

In the lever system: a rigid bar that moves

A

Lever

38
Q

In the lever system: a fixed point

A

Fulcrum

39
Q

In the lever system: applied force

A

Effort

40
Q

In the lever system: resistance

A

Load

41
Q

In the lever system: resistance

A

Load

42
Q

Arrangement of the elements is load-fulcrum-effort

A

First-class lever (example: scissors; raises head off chest)

43
Q

Arrangement of the elements is fulcrum-load-effort

A

Second-class lever (example: wheelbarrow; standing on tip-toe )

44
Q

Arrangement of the elements is load-effort-fulcrum

A

Third-rate lever (example: tweezers or forceps; flexing the forearm by the biceps brachii muscle)

45
Q

What kind of CT divides limb muscles into compartments?

A

Dense fibrous CT

Intro to Human Anatomy (1 decks)

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