Ch 1 - Ch 11

Question 1

Adjoining bones united by collagen fibers

Answer 1

Fibrous

Question 2

Adjoining united by cartilage

Answer 2

Cartilaginous

Question 3

Adjoining bones separated by a joint cavity, covered with articular cartilage, and enclosed within an articular capsule lined with synovial membrane

Answer 3

Synovial

Question 4

Fibrous suture joint - mobile or immobile

Answer 4

Immobile (synarthrosis)

Question 5

Fibrous syndesmosis joint - mobile or immobile

Answer 5

Slightly mobile (amphiarthrosis) and immobile

Question 6

Fibrous gomophosis (periodontal ligament) - mobile or immobile

Answer 6

Immobile (synarthrosis)

Question 7

Cartilaginous synchondrosis (hyaline cartilage) - mobile or immobile

Answer 7

Immobile (As in the vertebrae)

Question 8

Cartilaginous symphysis (fibrocartilage) - mobile or immobile

Answer 8

Slightly immobile

Question 9

Synovial plane joint - location

Answer 9

Between tarsal and bones

Question 10

Synovial hinge joint - location

Answer 10

Elbow

Question 11

Synovial pivot joint- location

Answer 11

Between C1 and C2 vertebrae

Question 12

Synovial condylar joint - location

Answer 12

Between radius and carpal bones of wrist

Question 13

Synovial saddle joint - location

Answer 13

Between trapezium carpal bone and 1st metacarpal bone

Question 14

Synovial ball-and-socket joint - location

Answer 14

Hip and shoulder joints

Question 15

Review slide

Answer 15

46 and 47

Question 16

Factors influencing stability of synovial joints

Answer 16

Articular surfaces, ligaments, and muscle tone

Question 17

Fascicle arrangement: run in the same direction as the long axis of the muscle.

Answer 17

Parallel muscles (majority of skeletal muscles)

Question 18

Fascicle arrangement: also called sphincters; when relaxed they are concentrically arranged bundles or muscle fibers and increase the size of the opening.

Answer 18

Circular (orbicularis oris and oculi)

Question 19

Fascicle arrangement: when a muscle has a widespread expansion over a sizable area, but then the fascicles come to a single, common attachment pint, the muscle is called…

Answer 19

Convergent (pectoralis major)

Question 20

Fascicle arrangement: blend into a tendon that runs through the central region of the muscle for its whole length, somewhat like the quill of a feather with the muscle arranged similar to feathers.

Answer 20

Pennate (penna - feathers)

Question 21

A fixator that stabilizes the bone that is an attachment for the prime mover’s origin is called…

Answer 21

A synergist

Question 22

To left an item which muscle is considered the synergist?

Answer 22

The brachialis and the brachoradialis

Question 23

A muscle with the opposite action of the prime mover is called the…

Answer 23

Agonist

Question 24

Two roles of an agonist:

Answer 24

1) they maintain body or limb position, such as holding a limb erect
2) they control rapid movement, as in shadow boxing without landing a punch or the ability to check the motion of a limb

Question 25

When extending the knee, 4 muscles called the quadriceps femoris in the anterior compartment of the thigh. Are they the agonist or antagonist muscles?

Answer 25

Agonist

Question 26

When extending the knee, an opposite set of muscles called the hamstrings is activated. Are they the agonist or antagonist?

Answer 26

Antagonist

Question 27

When you do the opposite movement (knee bending) the muscles take the opposite role with the hamstrings now becoming the agonist and the quadriceps femurs becoming the antagonist. T or F?

Answer 27

True!

Question 28

When flexing the fingers and the hand at the wrist, which muscle(s) act as the agonist ?

Answer 28

Flexor digitorium superficialis and flexor digitorium profundus

Question 29

When extending the fingers and the hand at the wrist, which muscle(s) act as the agonist?

Answer 29

Extensor digitorum (in the posterior compartment of the forearm)

Question 30

When a parallel muscle has a central, large belly that is spindle-shaped, meaning it tapers as it extends to its origin and insertion, it is called...

Answer 30

Fusiform

Question 31

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on one side of the tendon

Answer 31

Unipennate

Question 32

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on both sides of the tendon

Answer 32

Bipennate

Question 33

Pennate muscle with fibers wrapping around the tendon, sometimes forming individual fascicles in the process

Answer 33

Multipennate

Question 34

When a parallel muscle has a central, large belly that is spindle-shaped, meaning it tapers as it extends to its origin and insertion, it is called...

Answer 34

Fusiform (biceps brachii)

Question 35

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on one side of the tendon

Answer 35

Unipennate (extensor digitorum longus)

Question 36

Pennate muscle with fascicles located on both sides of the tendon

Answer 36

Bipennate (rectus femoris)

Question 37

In the lever system: a rigid bar that moves

Answer 37

Lever

Question 38

In the lever system: a fixed point

Answer 38

Fulcrum

Question 39

In the lever system: applied force

Answer 39

Effort

Question 40

In the lever system: resistance

Answer 40

Load

Question 41

In the lever system: resistance

Answer 41

Load

Question 42

Arrangement of the elements is load-fulcrum-effort

Answer 42

First-class lever (example: scissors; raises head off chest)

Question 43

Arrangement of the elements is fulcrum-load-effort

Answer 43

Second-class lever (example: wheelbarrow; standing on tip-toe )

Question 44

Arrangement of the elements is load-effort-fulcrum

Answer 44

Third-rate lever (example: tweezers or forceps; flexing the forearm by the biceps brachii muscle)

Question 45

What kind of CT divides limb muscles into compartments?

Answer 45

Dense fibrous CT