CH-1 CELL 🧬 Flashcards
How many cells are larger an organism composed of?
Greater the number of cells in its body.
Example: Large plants and animals are composed of billions of cells.
What are unicellular organisms?
Living organisms made up of only a single cell.
Examples: Amoeba, Paramecium, bacteria, Chlamydomonas.
What are multicellular organisms?
Majority of living organisms made up of millions or billions of cells.
Examples: Volvox, rose, mosquito, mango, humans.
How many types of cells is an average-sized adult human composed of?
200 different types of cells.
37-2 trillion cells in the whole body. 100 billion nerve cells in the brain cortex. 25 trillion red blood cells.
What are the smallest cells?
Certain bacteria, red blood cells in the human body, etc.
Example: Smallest cells are certain bacteria, red blood cells in the human body, etc.
What are the longest cells?
Nerve cells.
Example: Nerve cells.
What are the largest cells?
Birds eggs (actually the central yellow sphere).
Example: Ostrich egg.
What are the shapes of human red blood cells?
Circular and biconcave.
White blood cells are amoeboid, nerve cells are long, guard cells of stomatal pores in the leaves are bean-shaped.
What are the three essential parts of the gross structure of a cell?
- Cell membrane (or plasma membrane) encircles the cell. 2. Cytoplasm is the part of the cell inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus. 3. Nucleus is a large spherical body lying nearly in the center of the cytoplasm.
Cell membrane is living, made up of lipoproteins, provides flexibility, and is semi-permeable. Cytoplasm contains organelles and cytosol, which is mainly the liquid medium. Nucleus is surrounded by a double layered nuclear membrane with nuclear pores.
What are organelles in a cell?
Specialised and membrane-bound, living structures concerned with definite functions.
Just as each body organ performs special functions, each organelle has a specific function in a cell.
What are chromatin fibres?
Chromatin fibres are a network of dark-coloured fibres that condense into short thick chromosomes during cell division.
What are organelles?
Organelles are specialised and membrane-bound living structures in a cell that are concerned with definite functions.
What is protoplasm or protoplast?
Protoplasm or protoplast is the living parts of a cell which consist of cytoplasm, nucleus, and other living bodies. The term protoplast is more appropriately used for a plant cell after the removal of the cell wall.
What are the common organelles in plant and animal cells?
The common organelles in both plant and animal cells are nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, and lysosomes. Plant cells have cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells have centrosome with centrioles.
What are cell inclusions?
Cell inclusions are the non-living parts of a cell, such as vacuoles and granules.
