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Vascular > Ch. 1 Arterial Gross Anatomy > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Arterial Gross Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the first branches of the ascending aorta?

A

The coronary arteries

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2
Q

What side is the Innominate/ Brachiocephalic artery on?

What does it divide into?

A

Right side

Divides into the RCCA and subclavian arteries

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3
Q

What are the branches of the aortic arch?

A

1st branch are the coronary arteries.
Innominate/Brachiocephalic
LCCA
Lt sublcavian artery

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4
Q

What rib is associated with the subclavian artery?

What are some branches?

A

It runs laterally to the outer border of the 1st rib

1 Vertebral, 2 thyrocervical, 3 costocervical

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5
Q

What does the brachial artery branch into and where?

A

Radial and ulnar arteries at inner aspect of elbow (antecubital fossa)

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6
Q

What does the radial artery branch to form?

A

Superficial palmar (volar) arch

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7
Q

Where does the radial artery terminate and join?

A

In the deep palmar arch by joining the deep branch of the ulnar artery

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8
Q

What does the ulnar artery branch to form?

A

Deep palmar (volar) branch

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9
Q

Where does the ulnar artery terminate?

A

In the superficial palmar arch

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10
Q

What is the predominate source of blood flow to the hand?

A

The ulnar artery

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11
Q

What does the superficial palmar (volar) arch include?

A

Distal portion of ulnar artery

Branch of the radial artery

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12
Q

Deep palmar arch includes?

A

Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

Distal portion of the radial artery

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13
Q

What are the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Celiac, SMA, Renal arteries, and IMA

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14
Q

What organs does the celiac artery supply?

What are it’s branches?

A

Organs - Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and spleen

Branches - L. gastric, splenic and CHA

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15
Q

What does the SMA supply?

Where is it located?

What is an anomaly of this vessel?

A

Organs - Small intestine, cecum, parts of colon.

Location- 1 cm distal to Celiac A.

Can be a common trunk of the Celiac A and SMA

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16
Q

What do the renal arteries supply?

Are multiple RAs uncommonly seen bilaterally?

What is the landmark for left renal A?

A

Kidneys, suprarenal glands, and ureters

Not uncommon

Left renal v which crosses the AO anteriorly, the artery begins posterior.

17
Q

What does IMA supply?

Where does it arise from?

What can it act as?

A

Transverse, descending colon and part of rectum

Arises from Abd AO about 3-4 cm above bif

can act as a collateral connection

18
Q

What are the Terminal Branches of the Abd AO?

A

Both Common Iliacs, external and internal

19
Q

What does the most distal branches of the Abd Ao - the Common Iliac arteries supply?

A

They carry blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall, and lower limbs

20
Q

Where does the external iliac artery travel and what does it become?

A

along the medial side of the Psoas major muscle, passing underneath the inguinal ligament.

It becomes the CFA

21
Q

Where does the superficial femoral artery pass through and enter?

A

an opening in the tendon of the adductor hiatus (adductor canal, or Hunter’s canal)
Enters the pop fossa behind the knee

22
Q

Where does the deep femoral (profunda femoris) artery arise?

What can it act as?

A

About 5 cm from the inguinal ligament on the lateral side

A collateral connection

23
Q

Where is the popliteal artery located?

What does it divide into?

A

Adductor hiatus: termination of SFA

Divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries at interval between tibia and fibula.

Note: these two branches along with the peroneal artery branch is referred to as the trifurcation.

24
Q

What is the first branch off of the distal pop artery?

What does it become and where is it directed?

A

Anterior tibial artery

Becomes dorsalis pedis artery and is directed across dorsum of foot towards base of great toe.

25
Q

What is the major branch of the deep plantar artery?

A

unites with lateral plantar artery to complete plantar arch

26
Q

Where does the posterior tibial artery extend?

What is the trunk associated with this artery called?

What are the major branches?

A

Extends obliquely down posterior/medial side of leg

Tibioperoneal Trunk: short segment between ATA branch and branches of PTA and peroneal arteries

Branches- lateral and medial plantar arteries, branching below medial malleolus to supply sole of foot

27
Q

Where does the peroneal artery pass?

A

Passes toward fibula, traveling down medial side of that bone to supply structures of the lateral side of the leg/foot.

28
Q

What arteries distribute blood to the digits of the foot?

A

Plantar arch’s plantar and dorsal metatarsals

29
Q

What does the plantar arch consist of?

A

Deep plantar artery (branch of DPA) and lateral plantar artery (branch of PTA)

30
Q

What does the lateral plantar artery unite with?

A

Deep plantar artery

31
Q

What are arterioles?

A

Considered resistance vessels and assist with regulating blood flow through contraction and relaxation.

32
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Nutrients and waste products are exchanged between the tissue and blood

33
Q

What are the layers of the arterial wall?

A 
Tunica intima (inner)
Tunica media (intermediate)
Tunica externa/ adventitia (outer)
34
Q

What is the tunica intima?

A

Inner thin layer consisting of a surface layer of smooth endothelium, base membrane and connective tissue

35
Q

What is the tunica media?

A

intermediate thicker layer, composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, largely of the elastic type

36
Q

What is the tunica externa?

A

Outer layer (adventitia) is somewhat thinner than media, contains fibrous connective tissue; some muscle fibers.

37
Q

What does the adventitial layer contain?

A

the vasa vasorum, tiny vessels that carry blood to the walls of the larger arteries

Vascular (3 decks)

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