Ch. 1 and Ch. 3: The Human Body An Orientation

Question 1

Tissue

Answer 1

Group of similar cells that have a common function. (4 basic tissue: epithelium, muscle, connective and nervous tissue).

Question 2

Organ

Answer 2

A discrete structure composed of at least two tissue types (4 is more common) that performs a specific function for the body.
Each organ of the body as a specialized functional center responsible for necessary activity that no other organ can perform.

Question 3

Organ system

Answer 3

Organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose.

Question 4

Anatomical position

Answer 4

The anatomical reference point is a standard body position.

Question 5

Axial region

Answer 5

Makes up the main axial of our body, includes the head, neck and trunk.

Question 6

Appendicular region

Answer 6

consists of the appendages, or limbs, which are attached to the body’s axis.

Question 7

Superior (cranial)

Answer 7

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above.

Question 8

Inferior (caudal)

Answer 8

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below.

Question 9

Medial

Answer 9

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of.

The heart is medial to the arm.

Question 10

Lateral

Answer 10

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of..

The arms are lateral to the chest.

Question 11

Proximal

Answer 11

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
(The elbow is proximal to the wrist.)

Question 12

Distal

Answer 12

Farther from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
(The elbow is proximal to the wrist.)

Question 13

Transverse (horizontal plane)

Answer 13

aka. horizontal plane - runs horizontally from right to the left, dividing the body into superior and inferiors parts.
(aka. cross-section.)

Question 14

Cross section

Answer 14

aka. Transverse/ horizontal plane.

Question 15

Sagital plane

Answer 15

is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.

Question 16

Median (midsagittal plane)

Answer 16

A sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline is the median plane or midsagittal plane.

Question 17

Parasagittal plane

Answer 17

All other sagittal planes, offset from the midline.

Question 18

Oblique section

Answer 18

Cuts made diagonally between the horizontal and the horizontal and vertical planes. Because oblique sections are often confusing and difficult to interpret, they are seldom used.

Question 19

Dorsal body cavity

Answer 19

Which protects the fragile nervous system organs, has two subdivisions.

Question 20

Ventral body cavity

Answer 20

The more anterior and larger of the closed body cavities is the.

Question 21

Viscera

Answer 21

The ventral body cavity houses internal organs collectively or visceral organs.

Question 22

Thoracic cavity

Answer 22

The superior subdivision, is surrounded by the ribs and muscles of the chest.

Question 23

Abdominolpelvic cavity

Answer 23

The thoracic cavity is separated from the more inferior, by the diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle important in breathing.
It has two parts; these regions are not physically separated by a muscular or membrane wall.

Question 24

Pleural cavity

Answer 24

The thoracic cavity is further subdivided into lateral (XX). Each enveloping a lung. and the medial (XX)

Question 25

Mediastinum

Answer 25

Medial; contains the pericardial cavity.

Question 26

Pericardial cavity

Answer 26

which encloses the heart, and it also surrounded the remaining thoracic organs (esophagus, trachea, and others.)

Question 27

Abdominal cavity

Answer 27

It’s superior portion (XX), contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs.

Question 28

Pelvic cavity

Answer 28

The inferior part of the (XX), lies in the bony pelvis and contains the urinary bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum.

Question 29

Serous membrane (serosa)

Answer 29

The walls of the ventral body cavity and the puter surfaces of the organs it contains are covered in thin, double-layered membrane, the “serosa” or (XX.)

Question 30

Ipsilateral

Answer 30

belonging to or occurring on the same side of the body.

Question 31

Contralateral

Answer 31

relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs.

Question 32

Anterior (ventral)

Answer 32

nearer the front, especially situated in the front of the body or nearer to the head..

Question 33

Posterior (dorsal)

Answer 33

further back in position; of or nearer the rear or hind end, especially of the body or a part of it.

Question 34

Superficial (external)

Answer 34

existing or occurring at or on the surface.

Question 35

Superior (dorsal)

Answer 35

Superior or cranial - toward the head end of the body; upper (example, the hand is part of the superior extremity). Inferior or caudal - away from the head; lower (example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity).

Question 36

Superficial (external)

Answer 36

existing or occurring at or on the surface.

Question 37

Deep (internal)

Answer 37

extending far down from the top or surface.

Question 38

Frontal (coronal)

Answer 38

Anatomy. The frontal bone is a bowl-shaped bone in the frontal (forehead) region of the skull. It is located superior to the nasal bones and maxillae and anterior to the parietal bones.

Question 39

Peritoneal cavity

Answer 39

The peritoneal cavity is a potential space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs.