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Anatomy Ch. 1-3 > Ch. 1 > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Inspection

A

Identify changes from normal

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2
Q

Percussion

A

Hollow vs. solid sounds

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3
Q

Ascultation

A

stethoscope

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4
Q

Palpation

A

touch

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5
Q

No ill effects, real-time image, not good clarity, uses high frequency soundwaves and echoes

A

Ultrasound

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6
Q

lighted instrument w/ lens, good image

A

Endoscopy

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7
Q

quick, simple, 2 dimensional, inexpensive

A

x-ray

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8
Q

inserts injected into body make hollow organs visible

A

contrast x-ray

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9
Q

x-ray that is better at soft tissue and organ detail because the x-ray source rotates around the body and completes revolutions; 3 D

A

computed tomography (CT)

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10
Q

not as detailed for bones, magnet source, not for patients with metal in the body, BEST at soft tissue resolution

A

MRI

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11
Q

Look at physiology, metabolism, examine activity levels, dark = metabolicly active

A

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

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12
Q

metabolic activity of tissues, shows tissue activity

A

Radionucleotide Scanning

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13
Q

One system at a time, relating back to systems

A

Systemic approach to study anatomy, what we use

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14
Q

visible with unaided eye

A

gross

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15
Q

slides of tissues and cells

A

microscopic

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16
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism

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17
Q

The relative constancy of the internal environment of the body even with external fluctuations

A

Homeostasis

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18
Q

T or F: size of system correlates with its importance

A

F

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19
Q

Why is anatomical position so important?

A

So there is a standard everyone references when discussing location of organs within the body/starting point

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20
Q

Regions of the body?

A

Head, neck, trunk, upper extremities, lower extremities

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21
Q

Subdivisions of the trunk

A

Thorax/chest, abdomen, pelvis

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22
Q

Organs in Right Upper Quadrant

A

liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portions of stomach, small and large intestine

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23
Q

Organs in LUQ

A

left lobe of liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of small and large intestine

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24
Q

Where do quadrant lines intersect?

A

Umbilicus

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25
Q

Organs in RLQ

A

cecum (part of large intestine), appendix, portions of small intestine, reproductive organs (right home in females, right spermatic cord in males), right ureter

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26
Q

Organs in LLQ

A

most of small intestine and portions of large intestine, reproductive organs (left ovary in females and left spermatic cord in males), left ureter

27
Q

Chondro-

A

cartilage

28
Q

T or F: the femoral region is superior to the pedal region

A

F, use proximal or distal when concerning extremities

29
Q

Divides body into anterior and posterior

A

Frontal/Coronal

30
Q

Divides body into left and right

A

Mid-saggital

31
Q

To the right or left of the mid-saggital line

A

para-saggital

32
Q

Divides body into superior and inferior

A

Transverse

33
Q

Organs in dorsal cavity

A

brain and spinal cord

34
Q

Sections of ventral cavity

A

Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

35
Q

Sections of thoracic cavity

A

pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, and mediastinum

36
Q

Pleural cavity contains…

A

area surrounding the lungs

37
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart`

38
Q

Mediastinum contains…

A

central portion of the thoracic cavity contains the heart

39
Q

Abdominal cavity…

A

contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, most of large intestine

40
Q

Pelvic cavity…

A

contains bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction

41
Q

Viscera (organs)

A

Organs in the thoracic cavity and the abdominal pelvic cavity

42
Q

Two parts of serous membrane

A

visceral/parietal and pleura, pericardial, peritoneal

43
Q

Encloses organs

A

visceral

44
Q

Lines body wall

A

parietal

45
Q

pleura

A

lungs

46
Q

pericardial

A

heart

47
Q

peritoneal

A

abdominopelvic / abdominal

48
Q

visceral pleura

A

outer surface of lungs

49
Q

parietal pleura

A

wall of body right outside the lungs

50
Q

visceral pericardium

A

outer surface of the heart

51
Q

parietal pericardium

A

wall of body outside of heart

52
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

membrane on the outer surface of the stomach, SI, LI, organs in the abdominal cavity

53
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

wall of body outside of abdominal organs

54
Q

serous membranes of the abdominal cavity

A

peritoneum

55
Q

large fat-filled folds that fold over one another in the peritoneum

A

peritoneal folds

56
Q

Functions of peritoneal folds

A

bind organs to one another, support/stabilize position of organs in the abdominal cavity, provide route for blood vessels to and from these organs

57
Q

greater omentum

A

Attached to greater curve of stomach, lots of adipose tissue

58
Q

lesser omentum

A

attaches to lesser curvature of stomach, connects stomach to the liver

59
Q

falciform ligament

A

between right and left lobes of liver, attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall

60
Q

messentary (proper)

A

connects to small intestine to posterior abdominal wall

61
Q

transverse mesocolon

A

attach transverse portion of colon to posterior abdominal wall

62
Q

sigmoid mesocolon

A

attach sigmoid portion of colon to posterior abdominal wall

63
Q

What are retroperitoneal organs?

A

Organs behind the peritoneal cavity

64
Q

Name some retroperitoneal organs using SAD PUCKER

A 
Suprarenal (adrenal) glands
Aorta/Inferior Vena Cava
Duodenum (second and third segments)
Pancreas
Ureters
Colon (ascending and descending only)
Kidneys
Esophagus
Rectum

Anatomy Ch. 1-3 (2 decks)

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