ch 1

Question 1

program

Answer 1

is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task

Question 2

volatile memory

Answer 2

RAM is volatile because when the computer is off, the contents are erased

Question 3

CPU

Answer 3

the part of the computer that runs programs: carries out calculations

Question 4

system software

Answer 4

controls and manages basic computer operations

Question 5

main memory

Answer 5

RAM

stores a program while the program is running as well as the data the program is working with

Question 6

secondary storage

Answer 6

can hold data for long periods of time even when there is no power to the computer

Question 7

input device

Answer 7

collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer

Question 8

fetch decode execute cycle

Answer 8

performed by the CPU
read
understand
perform

Question 9

byte

Answer 9

is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or small number
made of 8 bits

Question 10

binary numbering system

Answer 10

all numeric values are written as sequences of 0 and 1

Question 11

ASCII

Answer 11

set of 128 numeric codes that represents english letters various punctuation and other characters

Question 12

unicode

Answer 12

extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters from many languages of the world

Question 13

two’s compliment

Answer 13

is a technique for encoding negative numbers

Question 14

IDLE

Answer 14

integrated development environment

Question 15

python shell

Answer 15

the python interpreter in interactive mode

Question 16

decode part of the cpu cycle

Answer 16

determines which operation it should perform

Question 17

machine language (binary)

Answer 17

the only instructions a machine can follow

Question 18

key words

Answer 18

make up high level programming languag language

Question 19

syntax

Answer 19

are rules that must be followed when writing a program

Question 20

compiler

Answer 20

translates a high level language program into a separate machine language program

Question 21

interpreter

Answer 21

a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high level language program

Question 22

assembler

Answer 22

converts mnemonics/assembly language to machine language

Question 23

utility software

Answer 23

program to enhances computer operation
virus scan
file compression
back up

Question 24

application software

Answer 24

everyday tasks, most people spend most of their time on computers doing something with application software like word, browsers and games

Question 25

why is the CPU the most important component in a computer?

Answer 25

it is what allows data to be used and operated on
without one it would be like gears without teeth, they would just be there an not be useful
also data would not be readily accessible as cpu is required to produce output

Question 26

how do you store negative and real numbers in memory?

Answer 26

two’s compliment and floating point notation

Question 27

how do you determine binary value

Answer 27

each 1 or 0 corresponds to 2 to the power of its place in order from right to left

Question 28

what operations does the CPU perform?

Answer 28

reading a piece of data from RAM
move a piece of data from one memory location to another
adding two numbers
subtracting one number from another
multiplying two numbers
dividing one number by another
determine if one value equals another

Question 29

translator program

Answer 29

is any program that converts any language higher than machine language to machine language it can involve interpreters compilers and assemblers
low level language use assemblers
high level language use compilers and then interpreters to execute

Question 30

software that controls internal operations is

Answer 30

system software specifically

operating system

Question 31

when was python created and by whom

Answer 31

Guido van Rossum

1989 successor to ABC language

Question 32

what does bdfl mean

Answer 32

benevolent dictator for life is a title given to small number of open source software development leaders