Ch 1-4 Flashcards
What are the four domains of behavior analysis?
ABA, EAB, Radical behaviorism, Service delivery
ABA
studying if concepts and principles from the lab hold true for behaviors outside of the lab
EAB (The Experimental Analysis of Behavior)
basic research; studying behavior in the lab to understand concepts and principles governing behavior
Radical Behavior
guiding theoretical and philosophical foundations of the science of behavior
Service Delivery
applying the concepts and principles shown to work in the lab and natural setting to improve socially significant behavior in clinical or everyday settings
Know what “analysis” refers to in behavior analysis.
Analysis is the search for environmental variables that evoke and maintain behavior.
Independent variable
manipulated by environmental change
Dependent Variable
- behavior observed (free to vary/ measurement)
Know what experimental control refers to.
-Experimental control is established by comparing the performance of a single individual against himself in repeated observations
-Experimental control refers to showing consisted functional relations between the IV and the DV
Direct assessment
provide information about a person’s behavior as it occurs
-Tests
-Direct observations
Indirect assessment
the data obtained are derived from recollections, reconstruction or subjective ratings
-Interviews
-Checklists
-Used to understand the content and potential controlling variables
Generality
behavior change that lasts over time, settings, etc
Effective
methods that improve behaviors to a practical degree
Technological
procedures are described clearly enough to be replicated
Analytic
The demonstration of a functional relationship between environment and behavior
Conceptually Systematic
researchers must be able to relate procedures to basic scientific principles
Applied
select behaviors that are socially significant for participant
Behavior
a behavior that is measurable or observable in need for improvement
Function based definitions
describe all the different ways the same function can be met ; defining by the effect it produces (outcome most important)
- Simpler and more concise and encompass all relevant forms of a response class
Topography based definitions
identify instances of the target behavior by the shape or form (How it looks, sounds, feels)
- Used when RBT does not have direct, reliable, or easy access to the functional outcomes of behavior
What are the three levels of social validation?
Social significance of the goal
Social appropriateness of the procedures
Social appropriateness of the effects
Objective
observable characteristics of the behavior or to events in the environment surrounding the behavior that can be observed
Clear
completely unambiguous so that it could be read, repeated, and paraphrased by another observer or someone unfamiliar with the behavior
Complete
delineation of the boundary conditions so that the responses to be included and excluded are enumerated
Rate
- a ratio of count per observation time interval; tallying the number of times the behavior occurs in a given period of time
Ex: “spencer hit another student 10 times in a two-hour period”
Count
- looking at the target behavior and you are counting the number of times the behavior occurred during a SET period of time
Ex: “spencer hit another student 10 times”
Duration
- record the TOTAL amount of time the behavior lasts (start timer when behavior begins, stop when it ends)
-Useful for when target is to reduce/increase the duration of behavior
-Good for continuous , long lasting, and high rate behaviors
Interval recording
observer records whether the target behavior occurred at the moment that each interval ends (or at exact/specific points in time)
The type of error is inconsistent and can be exaggerated by long intervals and observation periods
Whole interval recording
- observer records whether the target behavior occurred throughout the ENTIRE interval
-Should be used for something you want to INCREASE because it UNDERESTIMATES the behavior (as long as they are continuous or high rate behaviors)
Permanent product
- when a behavior produces some change in the environment that lasts long enough for measurement after the fact
Partial interval recording
- If the target behavior happens AT ANY POINT during the interval, you count it
Should be used to measure behaviors you want to DECREASE because there is a risk of OVERESTIMATION of the duration
Latency (response)
- amount of time that elapses between a cue (some starting point) and the response is referred to as latency
-Measure of how long it takes for the client to begin the response
Continuous
- Event recording (rate, frequency, count) and timing (duration)
- measurement in which all instances of the response class(es) of interest are detected during the observation period
- Continuous methods of measurement are preferred because data is not missing
-We’re continuing to take data on the behavior
Discontinuos
