Ch 1~3

Question 1

child with exceptionalities

Answer 1

child who differs from norm in mental characteristics, sensory abilities, communication abilities, social behavior or physical characteristics tot he extent that special education services are required for the child to develop to maximum capacity

Question 2

culture

Answer 2

attitudes, values, customs, and language that form an identifiable pattern or heritage

Question 3

ecological model

Answer 3

view of exceptionality that examines individual in complex interaction with environmental forces and believes that exceptionalities should be remediated by modifying elements int he environment to allow more constructive interactions between the individual and the environment

Question 4

family-centered (early) intervention (model/approach)

Answer 4

empowering families to take a lead role with professionals in determining what is best for their child. This is done through support that docuses ot he strengths of the child and family. The family is directly involved in decision making, planning, and implementing interventions for their child

Question 5

high incidence disabilities

Answer 5

disabilities most prevalent in US, composing at least 1% of school population

Question 6

individualized education plan (IEP)

Answer 6

program written for every student receiving special education; describes child’s current performance and goals for the school year, the particular special education services to be delivered, and the procedures by which outcomes are to be evaluated

Question 7

information processing model (IPM)

Answer 7

model that describes learning as a series of components that involve sensory stimulation/input, processing/thinking, and output, or the sharing of what has been learned

Question 8

interindividual differences

Answer 8

substantial difference among people along key dimensions of development

Question 9

intraindividual differences

Answer 9

major variation in the abilities or development of a single child

Question 10

low-incidence disabilities

Answer 10

disabilities comprising less than 1% of US school population

Question 11

medical model

Answer 11

view of exceptionality that implies physical condition or disease within patient

Question 12

response to intervention (RtI)

Answer 12

multilevel approach to helping children face difficulties in school. Proposes range of interventions from general classroom to special education

Question 13

american recovery and reinvestment act

Answer 13

federal legislation passed in 2009 to stimulate economic recovery, including large one-time grants for early intervention services

Question 14

americans with disabilities act

Answer 14

passed in 1990, this civil rights legislation prohibits discrimination based on disability. This law led to greater access to public transportation, commercial facilities, and telecommunications for individuals with disabilities. The law was further amended in 2008 to give broader protections for workers with disabilities

Question 15

authentic assessment

Answer 15

measuring a child’s ability by means of an inclass assignment

Question 16

assistive technology (AT)

Answer 16

tools that enhance the functioning of persons with disabilities

Question 17

behavior intervention plan (BIP)

Answer 17

similar to IEP, in which a team of professionals, in collaboration with family and student, lay out a plan to counteract unacceptable behavior and develop positive behaviors for a student who has been excluded for disciplinary reasons

Question 18

class action suits

Answer 18

legal case in which results of the suit apply to an entire class of people, not just the immediate persons involved int he case. A parent suing for th erights of her child with autism can reaffirm rights that apply to all children with autism

Question 19

COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS (CCSS)

Answer 19

thesecurriculum standards were developed at the request of the National Governors Association and the Council of chief State School Officers to provide a single set of standards for children throughout the US. The standards address learning in reading/language arts/English and math in grades K-12

Question 20

co-teaching

Answer 20

when two or more teachers work collaboratively to share expertise, combine resources, and create optimal learning experiences for students. Co-teachers are mutually responsible for the outcomes of the students; they jointly plan and carry out instruction (Ex. general education content specialist co-teaches with a special educator to meet the needs of class)

Question 21

ecology of the child

Answer 21

these forces surrounding and impacting on the child from family, culture, peers, physical setting, etc.

Question 22

free and appropriate public education (FAPE)

Answer 22

the courts have affirmed that children with exceptionalities are guaranteed the right to an education provided by the state that is suitable to their needs

Question 23

functional behavior assessment (FBA)

Answer 23

valuations of behavior that define a behavior, explain why this behavior occurs, describe where and when behavior is present, and demonstrate how the behavior impacts the child and his or her surroundings. The premise is that there is a rational purpose for every behavior and that it is necessary to understand why and how negative or destructive behaviors are triggered in order to reduce them

Question 24

high stakes testing

Answer 24

any examination whose results can substantially change the future of a student, such as course failure or admittance to college

Question 25

inclusion

Answer 25

process of bringing children with exceptionalities into regular classroom

Question 26

Apgar test

Answer 26

screening test administered to an infant at one minute and five minutes after birth

Question 27

individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)

Answer 27

the law originally passed in 1975 as PL 94-142 and reauthorized in 2004, addressing the school’s responsibility to children ith exceptionalities in the classroom

Question 28

instructional technology

Answer 28

growing field of study that uses technology as a means to solve educational callenges, both in the classroom and in distance learning environments

Question 29

least restrictive environment

Answer 29

educational setting in which a child with special needs can learn that is as close as possible to the general education classroom

Question 30

No Child Left Behind (NCLB)

Answer 30

federal legislation designed to aid children who have fallen behind thier grade level in performance, including children with disabilities

Question 31

performance assessment

Answer 31

a measure of the application of knowledge

Question 32

PL 88-164

Answer 32

refers to federal legislation authorizing funds for personnel preparation. It was the first of many legislative efforts to meet the needs of children with disabilities

Question 33

PL 94-142

Answer 33

the original law, passed in 1975, that became IDEA (originally known as Education for All Handicapped Children Act)

Question 34

PL 99-457

Answer 34

extends previous legislation to include children with disabilities from birth on instead of just school-age children. The title of the basic act was changed to Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA)

Question 35

prereferral committee/team

Answer 35

professionals who support the teacher in planning interventions for the student prior to referral for special education, to see if referral is still needed after additional support is given for the student’s success

Question 36

section 504`

Answer 36

section of the rehabilitation act of 1973 that requires a plan for support outlining the accommodations and interventions needed to help the student who has a condition that substantially limits a major life activity succeed in school

Question 37

transition planning

Answer 37

process of planning to support students moving to post secondary settings (Ex. jobs, college, assisted living) through goal setting, support, and resource identification

Question 38

universal design for learning (UDL)

Answer 38

a variety of strategies that give all students access tot he curriculum. These strategies include the use of technology to reduce the impact of sensory and learning disabilities, the incorporation of flexible entry points to allow students to begin work at a level appropri9ate to their needs, and the use of multiple instructional approaches to respond to different student learning needs and style

Question 39

behavioral support plan

Answer 39

a plan of services devised by teachers and parents to give support to children trying to overcome challenging behavior. This plan focuses on antecendents to the difficult behavior, what the actual behavior is, and the consequence of the behaviors in order to provde the child with support

Question 40

child find

Answer 40

public awareness activities, screening, and evaluation designed to locate, identify, and refer as early as possible all young children with disabilities and their families who are in need of Early Intervention Program (Part C) or Preschool Special Education (Part B/619) services of the IDEA

Question 41

developmental delays

Answer 41

each state defines what constitutes a “developmental delay” across five domains: cognitive, communicative, social emotional, motor, and adaptive development. Based on the state’s definition, children with developmental delays and their families qualify for early intervention supports and services

Question 42

developmental profile

Answer 42

chart presenting the intraindividual differences in development for a particular student

Question 43

developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)

Answer 43

curriculum practices that match the level of development of the child and are presented in ways that children learn, such as in play

Question 44

early intervention

Answer 44

systematic efforts designed to prevent deficits or to improve an existing disability in children between birth and age 5

Question 45

embedded instruction

Answer 45

the use of a child’s daily activities to teach and reinforce key skills, allowing teachers to use typical classroom routines to strengthen and reinforce learning

Question 46

evidence based practice

Answer 46

practices that have shown effectiveness based on research, practitioner’s wisdom, and family values

Question 47

natural environments

Answer 47

settings that are typical for children with and without disabilities; including the home, neighborhood, community setting and place of worship

Question 48

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Answer 48

defects in a child as a result of the mother’s heavy use of alcohol during her pregnancy; fetal alcohol syndrome is the most serious type

Question 49

genetic counseling

Answer 49

source of information for parents about the likelihood of their having a child with genetically based disabilities

Question 50

individualized family service plan (IFSP)

Answer 50

an intervention program for young children and their families that identifies their needs and sets forth a program to meet those needs

Question 51

multidisciplinary team

Answer 51

group of professionals who work together to help plan and carry out intervention or treatment for children with disabilities to help them achieve thier full potential