Ch. 1-3 Flashcards
Place the following componets of the homeostatic control system in the correct order
Receptor, control center, effector, response
Most homeostatic control systems in the human body use what type of feedback?
Negative feedback
The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is known as?
Metabolism
Homeostasis is?
The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment
What variables need to be maintained within physiological range in our bodies?
Temp, Blood pressure, pH
What would a physiologist study?
How kidney makes urine
The smallest unit of life is?
cell
Which part of a homeostatic control system checks the change in a variable against the set point?
control center
What best describes negative feedback?
A system responding to a change
ex. temp rising (fever)
The stomach belongs to which organ system?
digestive
The 4 major types of organic biological macromolecules found in our bodies are?
proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
All organic molecules contain ? as an essential component?
Carbon
The most important inorganic molecule in our bodies is?
water
What types of molecules can dissolve in water?
Hydrophilic
Which biological macromolecules has the highest energy storage capacity for the body?
triglycerides
When salts such as NaCi dissociate, they form what?
electrolytes
What type of bonds do water molecules form with other water molecules?
Hydrogen
An atom that either loses or gains an electron is called what?
Ion
What are building blocks for carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
What types of bonds result in partical electrical change in the molecule due to unequal sharing of electrons?
Polar covalent bond
What is the final product of mitosis?
2 identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
During osmosis, water moves across a water permeable membrane in which direction?
Toward the side with higher solute concentration
Regarding membrane transport mechanisms, what is the major difference between passive mechanisms and active mechanisms of transport?
Active mechanisms require cellular energy (ATP), passive mechanisms do not
Which organelle is responsible for making proteins?
Ribosome
Best describe the plasma membrane
the plasma membrane has a hydrophobic core
What occurs during diffusion?
solutes have a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
The ? is the control center of the cell, and houses DNA?
Nucleus
What can pass through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion?
oxygen
If a red blood cell is placed in a ? solution it will swell and perhaps burst
hypotonic
What is the correct flow of genetic info in the cell, also known as the central digma?
DNA->RNA->Protein
