Ch. 1 + 2 Questions (Tempkin)

Question 1

Structures are accurately identified on ultrasound images by

Answer 1

their location

Question 2

Organ parenchyma is described in terms of

Answer 2

echo texture

Question 3

When an organ is described as hypoechoic to another organ it means the hypoechoic organ appears

Answer 3

less echogenic relative to the other

Question 4

Degrees of echogenicity depend on

Answer 4

a structure’s density, distance from the sound beam, and them angle at which the beam strikes it

Question 5

For a structure to exhibit acoustic enhancement it must

Answer 5

be fluid filled

Question 6

Structures that cast a shadow

Answer 6

either reflect or attenuate the sound beam

Question 7

The sonographic appearance of the kidneys is described as heterogeneous. Renal cortex, however, is described as

Answer 7

homogeneous

Question 8

The sonographic appearance of the gastrointestinal tract lumen

Answer 8

is dependent on its contents

Question 9

Documented areas of interest

Answer 9

must be represented in at least two scanning planes

Question 10

If a patient asks a sonographer questions regarding their study, the sonographer should

Answer 10

explain to the patient that they will have to wait for the physician’s diagnosis

Question 11

If the liver appears isosonic compared to the right kidney, it is described as

Answer 11

having the same echogenicity

Question 12

If the spleen is described as having uniform composition throughout, it appears

Answer 12

homogeneous

Question 13

If the pancreas appears hyperechoic compared to the liver, it is described as

Answer 13

appearing brighter

Question 14

A scanning survey is

Answer 14

a detailed inclusive observation

Question 15

Abnormal findings/pathology should be described according to

Answer 15

echo pattern, size, origin, number, composition, and any complications associated with adjacent structures

Question 16

Coronal planes divide the body into unequal _____ and _____ sections

Answer 16

anterior; posterior

Question 17

When scanning in a coronal plane, the ultrasound beam enters the body from

Answer 17

either a right or left lateral direction

Question 18

Transverse planes divide the body into unequal _____ and _____ sections

Answer 18

superior; inferior

Question 19

When scanning in a transverse plane, the ultrasound beam enters the body from

Answer 19

either an anterior, posterior, right lateral, or left lateral direction

Question 20

Sagittal planes divide the body into unequal _____ and _____ sections

Answer 20

right; left

Question 21

When scanning in a sagittal plane, the ultrasound beam enters the body from

Answer 21

either an anterior or posterior direction

Question 22

Scanning planes are _____ dimensional

Answer 22

two

Question 23

The anatomic area(s) not seen in a coronal plane

Answer 23

are anterior and posterior

Question 24

The anatomic area(s) not seen in a transverse plane

Answer 24

are superior and inferior

Question 25

The anatomic area(s) not seen in a sagittal plane

Answer 25

is lateral

Question 26

Scanning planes are often obliqued (by very slightly twisting the transducer). The degree of the oblique is determined by

Answer 26

how the structure of interest lies in the body

Question 27

The oblique scanning plane affords visualization of the

Answer 27

greatest margins of structures

Question 28

The _____ of the structure being imaged ultimately determines which transducer should be used

Answer 28

depth

Question 29

When scanning, every effort should be made to position the area(s) of interest in the transducer's _____ _____ to obtain the best images

Answer 29

focal zone

Question 30

soundwaves don't penetrate through

Answer 30

air

Question 31

thoracentesis

Answer 31

removing fluid from chest

Question 32

paracentesis

Answer 32

removing fluid from abdomen

Question 33

Describe organ parenchyma

Answer 33

homogeneous, ranges in echogenicity

Question 34

Describe muscle

Answer 34

slightly echogenic linear striations, hypoechoic compared to most solid body structures

Question 35

Describe placenta

Answer 35

Varies throughout pregnancy. Homogeneous echo texture with moderate to high echogenicity by vascular components, giving the placenta a heterogeneous appearance

Question 36

Describe Tissue

Answer 36

Homogeneous echo texture with moderate echogenicity and strongly reflective borders

Question 37

Describe fluid-filled structures

Answer 37

anechoic lumens and walls are highly echogenic. They exhibit acoustic enhancement or through transmission.

Question 38

Bowel wall is composed of _____ layers

Answer 38

5

Question 39

First, third, and fifth layers of bowel wall appear _____

Answer 39

hyperechoic

Question 40

Air and gas

Answer 40

prevent through transmission, creating a shadow

Question 41

Crura of the diaphragm may appear _____ to adjacent structures

Answer 41

hypoechoic

Question 42

Know standard patient positions!

Answer 42

(Pg. 7 in book)

Question 43

Imaging Criteria

Answer 43

Adjust field size, focus near and far gain settings, set contrast, adjust gain settings, adjust time-gain compensation (TGC)

Question 44

Sagittal planes

Answer 44

anterior, posterior, superior, inferior

Question 45

Transverse planes - beam entering from an anterior or posterior direction

Answer 45

anterior, posterior, right lateral, left lateral

Question 46

Transverse planes - beam entering from a right or left lateral direction

Answer 46

lateral (right or left), medial, anterior, posterior

Question 47

Coronal planes

Answer 47

lateral (right or left), medial, superior, inferior

Question 48

Low frequency transducers have

Answer 48

most penetration

Question 49

High frequency transducers have

Answer 49

less penetration

Question 50

Curved array transducer

Answer 50

Typically used for abdomial, obstetric and gynecological imaging

Question 51

Sector array transducer

Answer 51

Generally used for intercostal scanning

Question 52

Linear array transducer

Answer 52

Typically used for small or superficial structures and extremity Doppler

Question 53

Endocavital transducer

Answer 53

Used for endovaginal and endorectal imaging

Question 54

TEE (transducer)

Answer 54

Used for transesophageal echocardiography

Question 55

Hockey stick transducer

Answer 55

Used for intraoperative imaging

Question 56

3D transducer

Answer 56

Used for three dimensional imaging

Question 57

All transducers have a ______ ______

Answer 57

focal zone

Question 58

The pancreas lies from right to left, across the body, at a slight angle; therefore its long axis is seen in a _____ _____ scanning plane

Answer 58

transverse oblique

Question 59

Typical measurements are calculated in volumes based on

Answer 59

L x W x AP = Volume | AP is the Anterior Posterior dimension