Ch 1 & 2 Notes Flashcards
Define Interdependence
Mutual influence two people have over one another
two defining features of any relationship
bidirectionality
exsists over time
Define a close relationship
“strong, frequent, and diverse interdependence that lasts over a
considerable period of time.”
7 common attributes of Intimate relationships
- Desire
- Idealization
- Disclosure
- Coordination
- Proximity
- Prioritizing
- Caring
Are people in intimate relationships are generally happier than people who are not in
intimate relationships?
YES
Negative outcomes of discordant relationships can be:
– Greater susceptibility to the common cold
– Poorer wound healing (60% the rate of nondiscordant couples)
– Higher mortality rates
– Increased risk of hypertension
– Increased risk of periodontal disease and dental
caries
– Increased risk of being diagnosed with and dying
from cancer
Happiness-maximizing number of sexual partners in the past year is calculated to be
1
How much does a womans household income drop after divorce?
58%
protection effects
partners in the paswhich capture the idea that something real about being in a committed relationship does provide some measure of protection that is not otherwise available to single or cohabiting individuals.
Selection effects
inate way we choose based on how we are.
Parental marriage affects childrens well bring. In what ways?
– Lower levels of poverty
– Higher levels of education
– Fewer emotional problems
– Fewer behavioral problems
What is parental relationship satisfaction related to?
– More emotional security
– Fewer emotional problems
– Fewer behavioral problems
High parental conflict affects biological processes in
children how?
– Reduced quality of sleep
– Speeding up the onset of puberty
– More physical health problems
are divorced people more likely to vote?
NOPE
How much money does family disruption cause the UK yearly?
58 Million
Classmates of children exposed to domestic
violence have lower reading and math scores,
reducing future earnings by up to 4% (BLKANK) years
later!
20
DO utilities rise following divorce?
YES
Define the Social Control Theory:
Provide two examples:
-Intimate relationships increase the negative consequences of deviant behavior.
– People in intimate, committed relationships are less likely to misuse alcohol and drugs (Maume,Ousey, & Beaver, 2005).
– Intimate relationships help to regulate behavior.
Is romantic love fully universal or near universal?
near universal
Why is relationship science important?
Given their importance for individual
health and well-being, for children,
and for society, intimate relationships
need to be studied.
What are the three components of LOVE?
Passion, Intimacy, and commitment
define passion in a relationship
head over
heels,” intense longing,
preoccupation with the
other person, strong
desire for sexual
contact
Define Intimate in a relationship
“knowing and
being known,” warmth,
trust, caring,
attachment
define commitment in a relationship
“us with a future”
Define fatuous Love
In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by passion and commitment, but low levels of genuine intimacy, such as a whirlwind, Hollywood-style romance. See also companionate love, consummate love, romantic love.
Define romantic love
In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by passion and intimacy, but low levels of commitment, such as a summer romance. See also companionate love, consummate love, fatuous love.
define compassionate love
In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by intimacy and commitment, but low levels of passion, such as a long-term partnership in which sexual passion has dwindled. See also consummate love, fatuous love, romantic love.
Define consumate Love
In Sternberg’s framework, love characterized by high levels of passion, intimacy, and commitment. See also companionate love, fatuous love, romantic love.
What are the two dominant ideas that have provided guidance to
understanding how satisfaction/happiness in a relationship changes?
-emergent distress
-stability focused
Emergent distress included what three models/theories
Social exchange theory
Social-ecological models:
Behavioural models
Stability focused
- Enduring Dynamics Model (Caughlin, Huston, & Houts, 2000)
- Attachment Theory (Bowlby, 1973; Fraley & Shaver, 2000)
- These two theories provide opposing perspectives on how
relationships would be expected to change over time
- “There will be ups and downs in marriage”
- ____% of marriages
- U-shaped curve
____% of marriages - Continuous decline
_____%
-18.3%
-10.6
-3.6
Define Social Exchange theory
“relationships grow, develop,
deteriorate, and dissolve as a
consequence of an unfolding
social-exchange process, which
may be conceived as a
bartering of rewards and costs
both between partners and
between members of the
partnership and others”
Social-ecological models:
“minor stresses originating
outside the relationship and
spilling over into marriage are
particularly deleterious for
close relationships as these
stresses lead to mutual
alienation and slowly decrease
relationship quality over time”
Enduring Dynamics Model
- Patterns of interaction are set in the early stages of an intimate relationship
- Stability once the pattern of interaction is established
- Fate of the relationship is largely determined during courtship
Attachment Theory
- Relations between infant and caregiver serve as a template, or internal
working model, for what to expect in all relationships throughout life - People adopt prototypical patterns of thought, emotion, and behaviors in
relationships
What is wrong with cross-sectional data
Cross-sectional studies capture data at one time point. You cannot see how a relationship changes with 1 point.
Who sustains higher quality marriages.
- Less tendency to become angry
- Higher self-esteem
- Low levels of stress
- Less aggressive
- Higher positive affect and low negative affect
- Have fewer major marital problems, spend more time together, and
have low economic hardship
Define theory
interconnected sets of
beliefs, knowledge, and assumptions that relate
to understanding a phenomenon
