Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Healthcare Informatics > Ch 1,2,3,5,6 > Flashcards

Ch 1,2,3,5,6 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the DIKW paradigm?

A

Data, knowledge, wisdom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

EHR

A

Electronic health record

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The term used to describe the science of information management in healthcare?

A

Informatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_______ is composed of data that was processed using ______.

A

Information, knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For information to be _________, it must be accessible, accurate, timely, complete, cost effective, flexible, reliable, relevant, simple, verifiable, and secure

A

Valuable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is knowledge dissemination?

A

Sharing of information/knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This leads to further processing, generating, and then disseminating knowledge?

A

Knowledge acquisition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bytes(data), knowledge acquisition, knowledge generation, and knowledge dissemination, make up this model? As well as feedback

A

Foundation of knowledge model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are healthcare workers?

A

Knowledge workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Those who work with information and generate information and knowledge as a product.

A

Knowledge workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

To have ongoing value, knowledge must be?

A

Viable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_________ is the application of knowledge to an appropriate situation?

A

Wisdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is wisdom developed?

A

Knowledge, experience, insight, and reflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is thought of as the highest form of common sense?

A

Wisdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are knowledge and wisdom synonymous?

A

No. wisdom is more about one persons mind versus knowledge is based off of many peoples thoughts and information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CIS

A

Clinical information system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This provides opportunities to explore large amounts of data to look for patterns in the data as a way to evaluate or inform practice.

A

Data mining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This demonstrates efficiency.

A

Competency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Competencies allow us to understand our _______ and ______.

A

Strengths and weaknesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

AHIMA-AMIA task force identified 5 domains of informatic competencies for health care workers.

A

I. Health information literacy and skills
II. Health informatics skills using the EHR
III. Privacy and confidentiality of health information
IV. Health information/data technical security
V. Basic computer literacy skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

EHR is divided into six levels of competency.

A

Personal effectiveness, academic competencies, workplace competencies, industry wide technical competencies, industry sector technical competencies, and management competencies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What issues/concerns arise with health care information?

A

Ownership, access, disclosures, exchange, security, privacy, disposal, and dissemination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the HiTech act of 2014?

A

The deadline for implementing EHR’s, yet most institutions continue to struggle with the implementation and or use of their EHR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is one of the main issues/concerns with information technology?

A

How health care information is managed to make it meaningful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

_____ are raw facts

A

Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

____________ is processed data that have meaning

A

Information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Examples of types of data:

A

Alphabet, numeric, audio, image, and video data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The ________ and __________ of data is what matters not the form.

A

Integrity and quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

____________ refers to whole, complete, correct, and consistent data

A

Integrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How can data integrity be compromised?

A

Human error, viruses, worms, or other computer bugs, hardware failures or crashes, transmission errors, or hackers entering the system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

User interface?

A

Helps people input data correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When is data considered dirty?

A

When a data base contains errors, such as duplicate, incomplete, or outdated records.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

To be valuable and meaningful, information must be?

A

Of good quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Characteristic of valuable quality information:

A 
Accessibility
Secure
Timely
Accurate
Relevant
Complete
Flexible
Reliable
Objective
Utility
Transparency
Verifiable
Reproducible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Why is security a major challenge?

A

Because unauthorized users must be blocked while authorized users are provided with easy open access

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Relevant information is a ____________ descriptor in that the user must have the information that is relevant or applicable to his or her needs.

A

Subjective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

_________ information contains all the necessary essential data

A

Complete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

________ information is as close to truth as one can get, it is not subjective or biased, but is factual and impartial

A

Objective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

___________ refers to the ability to provide the right information at the right time to the right person for the right purpose.

A

Utility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

________ allows user to apply their intellect to accomplish their tasks while the tools housing their information disappears.

A

Transparency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

__________ is acquired either by actively looking for it or by having it conveyed by the environment

A

Information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

_______ is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or arrive at a decision

A

Knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Information science has evolved over the last 50yrs and is composed of:

A 
Cognitive science
Communication science
Computer science
Library science
Social sciences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is information science systematically based in?

A

Based in the big picture rather than individual pieces of technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What can information science be related to?

A

Determinism: the belief that technology develops by its own laws, that it realizes its own potential, limited only by the material resources available and must be regarded as an autonomous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

______ ________ is an interdisciplinary people oriented field that explores and enhances the interchange of information to transform society

A

Information science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is society dominated by?

A

The need for information and knowledge and information science focuses on systems and individual users by fostering user centered approaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Information science enables the ________ of information

A

Processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Humans are __________ information systems

A

Organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

________ is data processed using knowledge

A

Information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

The knowledge used to develop and glean knowledge from valuable information is _____________

A

Generative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

___________ is the ability to originate and produce or generate

A

Generative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Knowledge represent 5 rights:

A 
Right information 
Accessible by the right people 
Right setting
Applied the right way
Right time
54
Q

An important and ongoing process is the struggle to integrate _____ knowledge and ______ knowledge to enhance wisdom.

A

New, old

55
Q

If clinicians are inundated with data without the ability to process it, the situation results in ?

A

Too much data and too little wisdom

56
Q

This science originated as a sub discipline of computer science as practitioners struggled to understand and rationalize the management of technology with in an organization.

A

Information science

57
Q

Information science has brought benefits but also new risks:

A

Glitches and loss of information

Hackers who steal identities and information

58
Q

Interdepartmental sharing and information exchange is different and a hinderance is known as?

A

Interoperability

59
Q

CIO, CTO

A

Chief information officer

Chief technical officer

60
Q

_______ is focused on the organizational based scientific and technical issues and is responsible for technical research and development as part of the organizations products and services

A

Chief technical officer

61
Q

CBI

A

Computer based information systems

62
Q

Information services are only as functional as the:

A

Decision making capabilities
Problem solving skills
Program potency

63
Q

Input or data _______, is the activity of collecting and acquiring raw data

A

Acquisition

64
Q

Examples of input devices:

A

Hardware
Software
Telecommunications

65
Q

__________ the retrieval, analysis, or synthesis of data

A

Processing

66
Q

output or _________ produces helpful or useful information that can be in the form of reports, documents, summaries, alerts, or outcomes

A

Dissemination

67
Q

________ are designed to inform and generally tailored to to the context of a given situation or user or user groups

A

Reports

68
Q

__________ represent information that can be printed, saved, emailed or otherwise shared or displayed

A

Documents

69
Q

__________condensed versions to highlight the major points

A

Summaries

70
Q

_______ are warnings, feedbackor additoinal information necessary to assist the user in interacting with the system

A

Alerts

71
Q

________ are the expected results of inputs and processing

A

Outcomes

72
Q

_________ or responses or reactions to the inputting, processing, and outputs

A

Feedback

73
Q

What has computer technology ushered in?

A

Information age

74
Q

Computers are _____-____ systems

A

Input, output

75
Q

When was the first computer invented

A

1940s

76
Q

PDA

A

Personal digital assistant

77
Q

Most computers are based on scientist ____ ___ ____ model of processor memory input output architecture

A

John Von Neumann

78
Q

What is the brain of the computer?

A

Central processing unit (CPU)

79
Q

_____ memory is extremely quick memory that holds whatever data and codes are being used at any one time

A

Cache

80
Q

MHz

A

Megahertz

81
Q

What is the central nervous system of the computer?

A

Mother board

82
Q

RAM

A

Random access memory

83
Q

_____ memory is a special type of memory that is stored on the hard disk to provide temporary data storage so data can be swapped in and out of the RAM as needed

A

Virtual

84
Q

____ connects to a printer (ports)

A

Parallel

85
Q

____ connects to an external modem

A

Serial

86
Q

____ connects to myriad plug in devices such as portable flash drives digital cameras

A

USB

87
Q

The _____ ____ converts digital data into an analog signal that’s then output to the computers speakers or headphones

A

Sound card

88
Q

What’s the smallest possible chunk of data memory used in the computer processing and is depicted as either a 1 or a 0

A

Bit

89
Q

This is a chunk of memory that consists of 8 bits , considered the best way to indicate computer memory or storage capacity

A

Byte

90
Q

4 categories if software:

A

OS software
Productivity software
Creativity software
Communication software

91
Q

Examples of open source productivity software

A

Open office

Koffice

92
Q

What is the most important software on any computer?

A

OS

93
Q

6 basic processes for OS tasks:

A 
Memory management
Device management
Processor management
Storage management
Application interface 
User interface
94
Q

Design goals for for microsoft windows

A 
Portability
Security
Portable operating system in interface for unix
Multiprocessor support
Extensibility
Compatibility
95
Q

Examples of input devices:

A 
Keyboard
Mouse
Joysticks
Game controllers
Pads webcams
Stylus
Image scanners
Digital cameras
96
Q

What’s the second most used input device

A

Mouse

97
Q

The ______ the refresh rate, the cleaner and clearer the image on the screen because the monitor refreshes the screen contents more frequently

A

Faster

98
Q

What’s the most commonly used output devices?

A

Printers
Speakers
Portable disc drives

99
Q

This is known as penal law

A

Criminal law

100
Q

A _____ is any social harm defined and punishable by law

A

Crime

101
Q

What is the fourth of four basic building blocks used to understand informatics?

A

Cognitive science

102
Q

Who coined the term cognitive science?

A

Christopher Longuet-Higgins

103
Q

This is a component of cognitive science and uses computer modeling through artificial neural networks to explain human intellectual abilities

A

Connectionism

104
Q

According to Holt, there are two competing traditions concerning the ultimate source of our knowledge

A

Empiricism and rationalism

105
Q

This is based on the knowledge being derived from experiences or senses

A

Empiricism

106
Q

This contends that some of our knowledge is derived from reason alone and that reason plays an important role in the acquisition of all of our knowledge

A

Rationalism

107
Q

Empiricist do not recognize ____ _____

A

Innate knowledge

108
Q

There are 3 sources of knowledge

A

Instinct
Reason
Intuition

109
Q

This is a way of acquiring knowledge that cannot be obtained by inference, deduction, observation, reason, analysis, or experience

A

Intuition

110
Q

This is the process of acquiring knowledge about the environment or situation by obtaining, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information from seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling

A

Perception

111
Q

This is a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration: the science of formal principles of reasoning

A

Logic

112
Q

This is the study of nature and origin of knowledge, what it means to know

A

Epistemology

113
Q

_____ entails knowing when and how to apply knowledge

A

Wisdom

114
Q

CI

A

Cognitive informatics

115
Q

The field of ___ _____ deals with the conception, development, and implementation of informatics tools based on intelligent technologies

A

Artificial intelligence

116
Q

When was AI founded?

A

1950s

117
Q

This is a process of systematically examine varying viewpoints related to moral questions of right and wrong.

A

Ethics

118
Q

The study and formulation of health care ethics

A

Bioethics

119
Q

These arise when moral issues raise questions that cannot be answered with simple, clearly defined rule, fact, or authoritative view

A

Ethical dilemmas

120
Q

These are the social views of what’s right and wrong

A

Morals

121
Q

Nonmaleficence

A

Do no harm

122
Q

8 standards for the ethical development of health related internet sites:

A 
Candor
Honesty
Quality
Informed consent
Privacy
Professionalism
Responsible partnering
Accountability
123
Q

Hippocrates tradition emphasized what?

A

Duty, virtue, gentlemanly conduct

124
Q

This arose as society became more heterogeneous and members began experiencing a diversity of incompatible beliefs and values, it emerged as a foundation for ethical decision making

A

Principlism

125
Q

This refers to an individuals freedom from controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choices

A

Autonomy

126
Q

This asserts obligation not to inflict harm intentionally and forms the framework for the standard of care to be met by any professional

A

Nonmaleficence

127
Q

Refers to actions performed that contribute to the welfare of others

A

Beneficence

128
Q

Refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment in light of what is due or owed to a person

A

Justice

129
Q

_____ is a case based ethical reasoning methods that analyze the facts of a case in a sound, logical, and ordered or structured manner

A

Casuistry

130
Q

This is any characteristic or disposition desired in others or oneself

A

Virtues

131
Q

Plato emphasized 4 cardinal virtues

A

Wisdom
Courage
Self-control
Justice

Healthcare Informatics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions