Ch 1,2,3

Question 0

8 principles distinguish:

Answer 0

Interior/ exterior
Hot/ cold
Excess/ deficiency
Yin/ yang

Question 1

The 8 principles can help us understand?

Answer 1

The location, depth, strength, weakness of the pathogenic factors and the healthy Qi, as well as the disharmony between yin and yang.

Question 2

Exterior vs interior determines:

Answer 2

Severity and depth of the disease and its location.

Question 3

6 exogenous pathogenic factors:

Answer 3

Wind
Cold
Damp
Dry
Heat
Fire (summer heat)

Question 4

3 Types of exterior PF

Answer 4

Attack of cold
Attack of wind
Attack of wind-heat

Question 5

Clinical manifestations of exterior PF

Answer 5

Fever
Aversion to cold (or wind)
Headache
Body pain
Thin white tongue coat
FLOATING pulse
Respiratory stuffy or runny nose
Sneezing
Sore throat
Cough
Sweating or not sweating

Question 6

Characteristics of exterior PF

Answer 6

No marked symptoms from Zang fu organs

Sudden onset, mild short course

Question 7

Exterior PF invade through……

Answer 7

Skin
Hair
Mouth
Nose

Question 8

Interior pathogenic factors invade….

Answer 8

Organs
Qi/ blood/ marrow

*if something is not an exterior pattern it means it is an interior one.

Question 9

Characterisitcs of interior pattern :

Answer 9

Cold or heat symptoms and marked symptoms from Zang fu
Acute or chronic
Severe conditions
Long course
Seen in middle late stages of disease originally cause by exogenous PF.

Question 10

Interior pattern signs and symptoms….

Answer 10

Depend more on cold/heat? Deficiency/ excess? Etc….

Question 11

Cold pattern concept:

Answer 11

Manifests as diminished function and movement of the body mechanisms due to yang xu, yin excess, or invasion of cold pathogen.

Question 12

Cold clinical manifestations:

Answer 12

Aversion to cold
Cold limbs
Pale complexion
Absence of taste in the mouth
Lack of thirst
Clear sputum/ saliva/ nasal discharge
Clear and profuse urine
Loose stool
Pale tongue w/ white moist slippery coat
Slow or tense pulse

Question 13

Heat patterns clinical….

Answer 13

Fever
Preference for cold
Red complexion and red eyes
Thirst for cold drinks
Restlessness
Insomnia
Thick yellow sputum and nasal discharge
Haematemesis (vomit blood)
Fever
Epistasis (nose bleeds)
Scanty deep yellow urine
Constipation
Red dry tongue with dry yellowish coat
Rapid pulse

Question 14

Heat pattern concept…

Answer 14

Hyperactivity of the body mechanisms due to:

yang excess
yin deficiency
Invasion of heat pathogen

Question 15

What type of patterns reflect excess and deficiency of yin and yang and are the main nature of diseases?

Answer 15

Cold and heat

Question 16

These two principles reflect the strength and weakness of the body’s Zheng Qi and the strength or debility of the pathogenic Qi.

Answer 16

Excess and deficiency

Question 17

_____________ pattern includes any symptoms due to weakness or ___________ of the Zheng Qi.

Suggests a wak and insufficient Zheng Qi and the absence of pathogenic Qi.

Answer 17

Deficiency

Question 18

4 types of deficinecy….

Answer 18

Qi
Blood
Yin
Yang

Question 19

___________ patterns have the presence of a pathogenic factor (can be interior or exterior) of any kind due to the body’s relatively intact Qi, the body fight the PF and we then see signs and symptoms accordingly.

Answer 19

Excess patterns

Question 20

Two aspects of an excess pattern:

Answer 20

1. External pathogen is attacking the body
2. Or due to internal organ dysfunction, secondary pathological products are formed or retained such as phlegm, fluids, and blood stasis.

Question 21

Excess clinical manifestations:

Answer 21

Fever
Abdominal distentsion and pain
Restlessness
Fullness in chest
Coarse breathing
Profuse sputum and saliva
Dry stool or dysentary, or tenesmus
Dribbling or inhibited urination, or difficulty/ painful urination
Coma or delirium
Tough tongue with thick greasy coat
Forceful pulse

Question 22

___________ & _____________ are used as a summary of the other six principles. They explain the relationship of opposition and unity in the human body and pathology.

Answer 22

Yin & Yang

Question 23

Yang deficiency pattern:

Answer 23

Yang Qi xu is consequent hypo function of Qi, lack of warmth, lack of movement, lack of Qi transformation.

Question 24

Yang xu causes:

Answer 24

Chronic diseases damaging yin
Increase development of Qi xu
Kidney xu (old age)
Cold environment
TAKING TOO MANY BITTER COLD MEDICINES

Question 25

Yang XU clinical:

Answer 25

Aversion to cold
Cold limbs
No thirst or a desire for hot drinks
Spontaneous sweating
Profuse sweating
Profuse clear urine
General edema
Loose stools
Pale complexion
Enlarged pale tongue with moist and slippery white coat
Deep, slow and weak pulse

ALSO……
Qi deficiency symptoms
Fatigue
Shortness of breath

Question 26

Yang xu key points

Answer 26

Yang xu manifests in chronic diseases or in those with weak constitution.

Main symptoms are aversion to cold, cold limbs, low spirits, fatigue, pale complexion, and light/pale tongue

Question 27

Yang xu often is combined with Qi xu, known as…..

Answer 27

Yang Qi xu

Question 28

Often involves multiple Zang and fu organs such as HT, KI, SP, ST, and uterus….

Answer 28

Yang xu

Question 29

Yin XU pattern

Answer 29

Yin Xu failing to control yang creating interior (deficient) heat.

Question 30

Yin XU causes:

Answer 30

Injury of yin at the late stage of warm diseases
Consumption of yin fluids due o emotional problems
Excess sexual activities
TAKING TOO MANY WARM DRY MEDICINES

Question 31

Yin xu clinical manifestations

Answer 31

Slim body
Dry mouth and throat
Tidal fever
Red cheeks
Feverish in chest, palms and soles
Night sweating
Scanty urine
Dry stool
Red dry tongue with little or no coat
Thready rapid pulse

Question 32

Yin xu key points

Answer 32

Manifests in weak constitution due to chronic disease, characterized by emaciation, red cheeks, and tongue, tidal fever, dry mouth, and rapid pulse.

Usually slow onset long course