Ch 1, 2 Flashcards
Exam 1 prep
A new teacher is hired to teach in an inner-city public school. In his class, there are a number of cultures and races represented. He is confused by the differences between students in regard to achievement and behavior. Which of the following approaches would most likely provide insights into differences among his students?
Socio-cultural
Karen believes that her boyfriend is afraid of making commitments because of an unconscious hatred for his mother. Her belief is closest to which psychological perspective?
Psychodynamic
To save time, you assigned the first fifty people who signed up to participate in your study to the experimental condition and the next fifty to the control condition. The interpretations you could draw from the study would be severely limited because:
You failed to use random assignment to conditions
Researcher found that clients who were randomly assigned to same-sex groups participated more in group therapy sessions than clients who were randomly assigned to coed groups. In this experiment, the dependent variable was ___
the amount of participation in the group therapy sessions.
In an experiment that studied the effect of a new drug on performance, all subjects in the experimental condition are tested on a Monday and those in the control condition are tested on a Wednesday. The day of week is a(n)___________variable in this study.
Confounding
In order to learn about the television viewing habits of the 250 children attending Oakbridge School, Professor Pendergrass randomly selected and interviewed 50 of the school’s students. In this instance, the 50 children attending the school are considered to be a(n):
sample
Rob has taught his dog to roll over on command by rewarding the dog with food whenever she exhibits the appropriate action. Rob’s approach to teaching his dog tricks is similar to which psychological perspective?
behaviorism
As the professor hands him the exam, Andre thinks to himself, “Oh, if I don’t do well on this exam, I’ll lose my scholarship. And if I lose my scholarship…” Andre is clearly worrying about his performance. This is an example of the ____ approach to understand test anxiety.
cognitive
A study reports a positive correlation between acts of aggression and the amount of TV a child watches. The best interpretation of this statement would be:
children who watch a great deal of TV tend to be more aggressive than children who watch less TV
The procedure known as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) should only be used in life-threatening situations, as it produces small but irreversible brain damage.
False
A patient’s fear outbursts are found to be caused by pressure applied to the brain by a tumor. Where is the tumor likely to be found?
Amygdala
Involvement of the brain is not necessary for a person to __
pull their hand from a hot stove.
When structuralist Titchener brought Wundt’s psychology to the United States, his research method for examining conscious experience involved the use of the technique known as
introspection
All the neurons of the brain and spinal cord make up the ________ nervous system
central
After a correlational study, a researcher determines that states that have instituted a death penalty have shown a decrease in murders. Assuming that the data are accurate, what can you safely conclude?
There are fewer murders in states that have a death penalty
As the price of gas increases, we tend to drive less. This is an example of a ____ correlation
negative
According to the “How does the brain work” video, by applying TMS to the prefrontal cortex, symptoms of which mental disorder can be alleviated?
Depression
Dobbins wants to study attachment patterns in single-parent families. Which of the following should be her first step in her scientific investigation?
formulate a testable hypothesis.
At the conclusion of the experiment, the researcher explains to the participants that it was necessary to provide them with inaccurate information in order to minimize bias. She goes on to say that even though their data has been collected, they can still withdraw their data if they choose to do so. The researcher is carrying out the process of ___
providing debriefing information to the participants
Dr. Malm predicts that if teachers ignore students who act up in class, fewer students will act up in class. Dr. Malm’s prediction is an example of ___
hypothesis
Jane has a disease that disrupts the functioning of her hypothalamus. With which of the following areas of functioning is she likely to have serious difficulty?
Eating, drinking, and body temperature control
Cells that make up the nervous system that receives and send messages within that system is called
neurons
A group of researchers wanted to determine if people will eat more food in a room with red walls than in a room with blue walls. Half the participants in this study ate in a red room and half ate in a blue room. The researchers then measured how much food was consumed in each of the two rooms. In this study, the independent variable was
the color of the room
A group of researchers wanted to investigate allegations of sexual harassment on a company’s assembly line. To collect data for this project, the researchers took jobs working on the assembly line and pretended to be new employees. In this example, the researchers were using
observational research
