Ch 1 Flashcards
In what year did the CIA and MI6 overthrow Iran’s Mohammad Mossadegh? Why? In favor of whom?
1953
Because “he had threatened to take control of British oil interests there.”
Ch1, section 3, “The Iranian Revolution”
0:30
Reza Pahlavi
Why did the CIA support the Mujahideen and International Islamic Brigades? When? What was the name of the operation?
To “give the USSR their own Vietnam” in Afghanistan.
1979-1992
Operation Cyclone
What is the Carter Doctrine? What year was it announced?
America’s policy of regarding any attempt by an outside power to gain control of a Persian Gulf nation as an attack on vital U.S. interests, to be repelled by any means necessary.
Like a Monroe Doctrine for a region halfway across the globe.
1980 (in Carter’s State of the Union address)
What is the most significant factor in determining whether someone will engage in terrorism?
The presence of foreign combat forces on the attacker’s home territory
Iraq - Iran War dates
September 1980 – August 1988
Gulf War dates
August 1990 - February 1991
Iraq War II dates
18 March 2003 - 18 December 2011
List some horrible shit Carter did.
- Okayed funding of the Mujahideen >
The Russian invasion of Afghanistan, which led to fears they would later invade Iran >
Announced the “Carter Doctrine”, which necessitated the creation and maintenance of several military bases on the Arab Peninsula
- Gave France permission to release Khomeini and send him back to Iran to head the ‘79 revolution. >
Allowed Reza Pahlavi into the U.S. for cancer treatment against IC advice, leading to the hostage crisis. >
Gave Hussein permission to attack Iran in ‘79, beginning the Iraq-Iran war.
What year was the policy of Dual Containment begun? For what reasons?
1993
• Partly in response to an alleged Iraqi plot to assassinate George H. W. Bush.
(After the U.S. invaded Iraq in 2003, no evidence was found of the existence of this plot.) Clinton perceived a need to look tough after this.
• Also, because we had weakened Iraq (counterbalance to Iran) in the Gulf War of 08/1990 - 02/1991, and with the consequent blockade, and we considered it necessary to use our new regional military bases to limit the power of Iran ourselves.
• Israeli diplomacy was influential in this decision as well - Israel was concerned that the U.S. would develop cooperative relations with Iran, and place Israeli interests “on the back burner.”
What year did Iran start supporting Hamas?
1995
