Ch 1 Flashcards
What is the scientific method?
A systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.
True or False: Science is solely based on opinions.
False
Fill in the blank: The basic unit of life is the ______.
cell
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
Which branch of science studies matter and its interactions?
Chemistry
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method? A) Observation B) Hypothesis C) Conclusion D) Guessing
D) Guessing
What is a hypothesis?
A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, which can be tested.
True or False: All scientific theories are proven facts.
False
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
Fill in the blank: The speed of light is approximately ______ meters per second.
300,000,000
What is an ecosystem?
A community of living organisms interacting with their environment.
Which scientist is known for the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
Multiple choice: What is the smallest unit of an element? A) Molecule B) Atom C) Compound D) Ion
B) Atom
What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?
To serve as a standard for comparison.
True or False: Theories can be modified or rejected based on new evidence.
True
Fill in the blank: The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy is called ______.
photosynthesis
What is the main component of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Multiple choice: What is the pH level of pure water? A) 7 B) 5 C) 10 D) 0
A) 7
What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
To catalyze biochemical reactions.
True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.
True
Fill in the blank: The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and ______.
gas
What is the primary source of energy for Earth?
The Sun
Which scientific discipline focuses on the study of the universe beyond Earth?
Astronomy
Multiple choice: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs? A) Ionic B) Covalent C) Metallic D) Hydrogen
B) Covalent
What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
To synthesize proteins.
True or False: Gravity is a force that only affects objects with mass.
True
Fill in the blank: The chemical symbol for gold is ______.
Au
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
To produce energy in the form of ATP.
Which theory explains the origin of the universe?
The Big Bang Theory
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a renewable resource? A) Coal B) Oil C) Solar energy D) Natural gas
C) Solar energy
What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?
A law describes what happens, whereas a theory explains why it happens.
True or False: The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number.
True
Fill in the blank: The force that pulls objects toward each other is called ______.
gravity
What is biodiversity?
The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat.
Which process describes the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane?
Osmosis
Multiple choice: What is the main gas produced by photosynthesis? A) Oxygen B) Carbon dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen
A) Oxygen
What is a scientific theory?
A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.
True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
True
Fill in the blank: The process by which a liquid turns into a gas is called ______.
evaporation
What is the primary difference between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.
Which scientist is known for formulating the laws of motion?
Isaac Newton
Multiple choice: What type of energy is stored in food? A) Kinetic B) Potential C) Thermal D) Chemical
D) Chemical
What is the function of chlorophyll in plants?
To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
True or False: All chemical reactions require energy.
True
Fill in the blank: The main component of Earth’s atmosphere is ______.
nitrogen
What is the primary role of the cell nucleus?
To store genetic material.
Which branch of science studies the behavior of matter and energy?
Physics
Multiple choice: What is the term for a change in an organism’s DNA? A) Mutation B) Variation C) Adaptation D) Evolution
A) Mutation
What does the term ‘homeostasis’ refer to?
The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.
True or False: All stars are the same size.
False
Fill in the blank: The study of heredity is called ______.
genetics
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
Which gas is a byproduct of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a planet in our solar system? A) Earth B) Sun C) Mars D) Jupiter
B) Sun
What is the primary focus of ecology?
The relationships between organisms and their environment.
True or False: Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system.
True
Fill in the blank: The basic building blocks of proteins are ______.
amino acids
