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Wonderful World Of Science > Ch 1 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the scientific method?

A

A systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.

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2
Q

True or False: Science is solely based on opinions.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The basic unit of life is the ______.

A

cell

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4
Q

What is the primary function of DNA?

A

To store and transmit genetic information.

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5
Q

Which branch of science studies matter and its interactions?

A

Chemistry

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6
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method? A) Observation B) Hypothesis C) Conclusion D) Guessing

A

D) Guessing

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7
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, which can be tested.

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8
Q

True or False: All scientific theories are proven facts.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The speed of light is approximately ______ meters per second.

A

300,000,000

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11
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A community of living organisms interacting with their environment.

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12
Q

Which scientist is known for the theory of evolution?

A

Charles Darwin

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13
Q

Multiple choice: What is the smallest unit of an element? A) Molecule B) Atom C) Compound D) Ion

A

B) Atom

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?

A

To serve as a standard for comparison.

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15
Q

True or False: Theories can be modified or rejected based on new evidence.

A

True

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy is called ______.

A

photosynthesis

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17
Q

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

A

Phospholipids

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18
Q

Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen

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19
Q

Multiple choice: What is the pH level of pure water? A) 7 B) 5 C) 10 D) 0

A

A) 7

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20
Q

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

A

To catalyze biochemical reactions.

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21
Q

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

A

True

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and ______.

A

gas

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23
Q

What is the primary source of energy for Earth?

A

The Sun

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24
Q

Which scientific discipline focuses on the study of the universe beyond Earth?

A

Astronomy

25
Q

Multiple choice: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs? A) Ionic B) Covalent C) Metallic D) Hydrogen

A

B) Covalent

26
Q

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

A

To synthesize proteins.

27
Q

True or False: Gravity is a force that only affects objects with mass.

A

True

28
Q

Fill in the blank: The chemical symbol for gold is ______.

A

Au

29
Q

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

A

To produce energy in the form of ATP.

30
Q

Which theory explains the origin of the universe?

A

The Big Bang Theory

31
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a renewable resource? A) Coal B) Oil C) Solar energy D) Natural gas

A

C) Solar energy

32
Q

What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

A

A law describes what happens, whereas a theory explains why it happens.

33
Q

True or False: The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number.

A

True

34
Q

Fill in the blank: The force that pulls objects toward each other is called ______.

A

gravity

35
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat.

36
Q

Which process describes the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane?

A

Osmosis

37
Q

Multiple choice: What is the main gas produced by photosynthesis? A) Oxygen B) Carbon dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen

A

A) Oxygen

38
Q

What is a scientific theory?

A

A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.

39
Q

True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

A

True

40
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which a liquid turns into a gas is called ______.

A

evaporation

41
Q

What is the primary difference between plant and animal cells?

A

Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.

42
Q

Which scientist is known for formulating the laws of motion?

A

Isaac Newton

43
Q

Multiple choice: What type of energy is stored in food? A) Kinetic B) Potential C) Thermal D) Chemical

A

D) Chemical

44
Q

What is the function of chlorophyll in plants?

A

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

45
Q

True or False: All chemical reactions require energy.

A

True

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The main component of Earth’s atmosphere is ______.

A

nitrogen

47
Q

What is the primary role of the cell nucleus?

A

To store genetic material.

48
Q

Which branch of science studies the behavior of matter and energy?

A

Physics

49
Q

Multiple choice: What is the term for a change in an organism’s DNA? A) Mutation B) Variation C) Adaptation D) Evolution

A

A) Mutation

50
Q

What does the term ‘homeostasis’ refer to?

A

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

51
Q

True or False: All stars are the same size.

A

False

52
Q

Fill in the blank: The study of heredity is called ______.

A

genetics

53
Q

What is the main function of the digestive system?

A

To break down food and absorb nutrients.

54
Q

Which gas is a byproduct of cellular respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide

55
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a planet in our solar system? A) Earth B) Sun C) Mars D) Jupiter

A

B) Sun

56
Q

What is the primary focus of ecology?

A

The relationships between organisms and their environment.

57
Q

True or False: Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system.

A

True

58
Q

Fill in the blank: The basic building blocks of proteins are ______.

A

amino acids

Wonderful World Of Science (2 decks)

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