Ch 1 Flashcards
characteristics of life
-composed of cells
-need energy and raw materials
-diff molecular composition to nonliving things
- maintains homeostasis
-responds to environment
-grow and reproduce
living things are grouped according to characteristics (domains)
-domain bacteria
-domain archaea (halophiles and thermophiles)
- domain eukarya(has 4 kingdoms)
4 kingdoms of eukarya
protista (slime molds, algae)
animalia
fungi
plantae
taxonomic rank
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
fundamental criteria used for classification
-presence or absence of nucleus…membrane bound
- number of cells…unicellular, multicellular (diff classes of cells working together), simple multicellular(same cell type)
- type of metabolism…aerobic(uses oxygen) and anaerobic (atp production with no oxygen)
protista example
protozoa, algae, slime molds
plantae
multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic
animalia
multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic
fungi
eukaryotic, decomposers (molds, yeasts, mushrooms)
symbiotic and glow
classification of humans
eukarya
animalia
chordata (have spinal cord)
mammalia
primates
hominidae
homo
sapiens
smallest unit of classification system is species..they are
-one or more populations of organisms
-similar physical and functional characteristics
-can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
what are the defining features of humans
bipedalism-ability to stand upright and walk on 2 legs
large brain-fundamental for our evolution…relative to body size
capacity for complex language-spoken and written
opposable thumbs-allow for better confined motor control
scientific method
- observe and generalize
- make hypothesis (if then) cannot be proven true only supported or disproved
- make a testable prediction
- experiment or observe (determined by stat analysis…neg didnt work, failed=didnt account for variables)
- modify the hypothesis as necessary and repeat
inductive reasoning is?
making generalizations based on observations about the world
deductive reasoning is?
backing up a generalization with specific scenarios
independent variable is
manipulated or changed by researcher
we control
dependent variable is
observed change or response in the system that is caused by the manipulation of the independent variable
in order to make findings known
they must be disseminated in peer reviewed journals
how does a theory form
-evolves from a hypothesis…must be broad, tested, supported over time, high degree of reliability, explain a broad range of facts
causation is
relationship between cause and effect
correlation is
connection between two things
