CH 1

Question 1

What are the 2 inherent needs human being from ages had ?

Answer 1

• To communicate and share information.

- To communicate selectively.

Question 2

The art and science of concealing the messages to introduce secrecy in information security is recognized as ….. .

Answer 2

cryptography.

Question 3

The word ‘cryptography’ was coined by combining two Greek words, ….. meaning hidden and ….. meaning writing.

Answer 3

‘Krypto’, ‘graphene’.

Question 4

The art of cryptography is considered to be born along with the art of ….. .

Answer 4

writing.

Question 5

These ideas of power, battles, supremacy, and politics fueled the natural need of people to ….. which in turn ensured the continuous evolution of cryptography as well.

Answer 5

communicate secretly with selective recipient.

Question 6

Network security = ….. + ….. .

Answer 6

Information security, Network.

Question 7

Traditionally information security provided by ….. and ….. .

Answer 7

Physical mechanism, administrative mechanism.

Question 8

Examples of physical mechanism:

Answer 8

Rugged filing cabinets with locks.

Question 9

Examples of administrative mechanism:

Answer 9

Personnel screening procedures during hiring process.

Question 10

Is the physical security sufficient?

Answer 10

No.

Question 11

Growing computer use implies a need for ….. for protecting files and other information stored on it.

Answer 11

Automated tools.

Question 12

….. is the process of protecting data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure destruction, modification, or disruption.

Answer 12

Information security.

Question 13

….. is the generic name for the collection of tools designed to protect data and to thwart hackers.

Answer 13

Computer Security

Question 14

….. is the measures to protect data during their transmission.

Answer 14

Network Security

Question 15

….. is the measures to protect data during their transmission over a collection of interconnected
networks.

Answer 15

Internet Security

Question 16

What are the 3 main security goals ?

Answer 16

• Confidentiality
• Integrity
• Availability

Question 17

What is the oldest Cryptographic Technique ?

Answer 17

Hieroglyph

Question 18

What was the earlier Roman method of cryptography known as ?

Answer 18

Caesar Shift Cipher

Question 19

How did the Caesar Shift Cipher work ?

Answer 19

It relied on shifting the letters of a message by an 
agreed number (three was a common choice).

Question 20

In Steganography people not only want to protect the secrecy of an information by concealing it, But they also want to make sure ….. .

Answer 20

Any unauthorized person gets no evidence that the information even exists.

Question 21

Give an Example of Steganography:

Answer 21

Invisible watermarking.

Question 22

In ….., an unintended recipient or an intruder is unaware of the fact that observed data contains hidden information while in ….., an intruder is normally aware that data is being communicated, because they can see the coded/scrambled message.

Answer 22

Steganography, Cryptography.

Question 23

When and who led to the rapid proliferation of cryptographic techniques ?

Answer 23

During and after the European Renaissance, various Italian and Papal states led the rapid proliferation of cryptographic techniques.

Question 24

Improved coding techniques such as ….. came into existence in the 15th century.

Answer 24

Vigenere Coding.

Question 25

How did Vigenere coding work ?

Answer 25

Moving letters in the message with a number of variable places instead of moving them the same number of places.

Question 26

In the early 20th century, the invention of mechanical and electromechanical machines, such as the ….., provided more advanced and efficient means of coding the information.

Answer 26

Enigma rotor machine.

Question 27

During the period of World War II, both cryptography and cryptanalysis became excessively ….. .

Answer 27

Mathematical.