Ch. 1-1 to 4-1

Question 1

What instructions do tasks IF a condition is true?

Answer 1

Conditional instructions

Question 2

What instructions do tasks WHILE a condition is true?

Answer 2

Iterative instructions

Question 3

What does a compiler do?

Answer 3

Translates the source file, checks to make sure that the program is syntactically correct, and if so, translates the program into an object file with machine language instructions

Question 4

What does a linker program do?

Answer 4

Performs the operation of linking the object file that is translated by the compiler to other object files containing functions (the predefined pieces of code)

Question 5

What does a loader program do?

Answer 5

Loads the linked program into memory so that it can be executed.

Question 6

What is the first step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 6

Specify the problem requirements

Question 7

What is the second step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 7

Analyze the problem

Question 8

What is the third step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 8

Design an algorithm to solve the problem

Question 9

What is the fourth step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 9

Implement the algorithm

Question 10

What is the fifth step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 10

Test and verify the completed program

Question 11

What is the sixth and final step in the “Scientific Method” (sciences)/”Systems Approach” (business)?

Answer 11

Maintain and update the program

Question 12

What does a reserved word look like?

Answer 12

int

Question 12

What does a preprocessor directive look like?

Answer 12

define PI 3.14159 /* Constant macro */

Question 13

What does a variable declaration look like?

Answer 13

int height = 0, radius = 0;

Question 14

What is a data type?

Answer 14

A set of values + set of operations on those values

Question 15

How would you write scientific notation for double values in C? 15.0 * 10^-3

Answer 15

15.0e-3

Question 16

When defining char variables in a program, use…

Answer 16

Single quotes

Question 17

How do you format an arithmetic expression?

Answer 17

operand1 operator operand2

Question 18

Which operators consist of only one operand?

Answer 18

Unary operators

Question 19

Which operators require two operands?

Answer 19

Binary operators

Question 20

What is top-down design?

Answer 20

It allows us to manage the complexity of a problem by decomposing it into smaller, less complex subproblems; a divide and conquer approach

Question 21

As part of an anatomy function prototype: void display_gpa(double gpa); – what is “void”?

Answer 21

Return value

Question 22

As part of an anatomy function prototype: void display_gpa(double gpa); – what is “display_gpa”?

Answer 22

Function name

Question 23

As part of an anatomy function prototype: void display_gpa(double gpa); – what is “(double gpa)”?

Answer 23

Function argument list; should be “void” if function has no arguments

Question 24

When are memory for local variables allocated?

Answer 24

When a function is called.

Question 25

When are memory for local variables released?

Answer 25

Upon completion of function execution.

Question 26

What should you include in a function comment?

Answer 26

Short description, preconditions (true conditions prior to execution), postconditions (true conditions after execution)

Question 27

What is an actual argument?

Answer 27

The values that are called into the function.

Question 28

What is a formal parameter?

Answer 28

A value, from a call, which is used to assign it to a variable within a function.

Question 29

Where are the file functions located in C?

Answer 29

<stdio.h>
</stdio.h>

Question 30

What command do you use to open a file?

Answer 30

fopen(), which also returns a file handle to the opened file

Question 31

What command do you use to read from a file?

Answer 31

fscanf()

Question 32

What command do you use to write to a file?

Answer 32

fprintf()

Question 33

What command do you use to close a file?

Answer 33

fclose(), which also closes the file based on the file handle

Question 34

What does “r” mode do?

Answer 34

Provide read permissions for a file.

Question 35

What does “w” mode do?

Answer 35

Provide overwrite permissions for a file.

Question 35

What does “a” mode do?

Answer 35

Provide append permissions for a file.

Question 36

What does “r+” mode do?

Answer 36

Opens an existing file for update (reading and writing).

Question 37

What does “w+” mode do?

Answer 37

Creates a file for update (if it already exists, discard the current contents.)

Question 38

What does “a+” mode do?

Answer 38

Open or create a file for update; writing is done at the end of the file

Question 39

How can we read/write/apparent binary data and information to a file?

Answer 39

Add a “b” to the mode. (For example: “rb”, “wb”, “ab”, “rb+”, “wb+”, “ab+”.)

Question 40

What does the fwrite() function do?

Answer 40

Transfers a specified number of bytes beginning at a specified location in memory to a file.

Question 41

What does the fread() function do?

Answer 41

Transfers a specified number of bytes from the location in the file specified by the file position pointer to an area in memory.

Question 42

What does the fseek() function do?

Answer 42

Sets the file position pointer to a specific position in the file.