CGP EXAM style questions Genetic Inheritance and Inherited Disorders Flashcards
Name the male gamete in animals
sperm
name the female gamete in plants
egg cell
which type of cell division is involved in the production of gametes
meosis
name the type of cell division used in asexual reproduction
mitosis
explain how a fertilized egg cell has the correct number of chromosomes
because gametes only have half the number of chromosomes of a normal cell ( 1 mark)
so when two gametes fuse together the fertilised egg cell has the full number of chromosomes
give four ways that asexual reproduction is different to asexual reproduction.
asexual reproduction only involves one parent, whereas sexual reproduction involves two
unlike in sexual reproduction there is no fusion of gametes in asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction gives variation, whereas in asexual reproduction, the offspring are genetically identical to their parents
asexual reproduction does not involve meiosis, whereas sexual reproduction does
Where in the body does meoisis take place?
in the reproductive organs/ ovaries/ testes
What happens to the DNA at the very start of meoisis, before the cell starts to divide
duplicated
How many cell divisions are there during the process of meoisis
2
briefly describe the results of meiosis
4 gametes are produced ( 1 mark)
each with only a single set of chromosomes (1 mark)
each of the gametes is genetically different from the others (1 mark)
during fertilizations, two gametes are formed by meiosis join together
how many copies of each chromosome does the resulting cell have?
2
After the two gametes join to produce a fertilised egg, the cells divide repeatedly
what type of cell division do these cells undergo?
mitosis
the dividing cells form an embryo
what happens to the cells in an embryo as it develops in order to form the whole organism?
differentiate into different types of specialised cells
