CGIER 7

Question 1

Explain the physical principles underlying the operation of a sphygmomanometer to measuring blood pressure

Answer 1

A sphygmomanometer is used to measure arterial blood pressure by observing the effect of applying an external pressure on the circulation system.

The sphygmomanometer consists of an inflatable cuff (connected to a manometer) and a small hand pump (used to inflate the cuff). The manometer measures the pressure produced by the cuff as it is inflated.

Question 2

Using sphygmomanometer to measuring blood pressure procedure

Answer 2

Procedure: The cuff is inflated to a pressure large enough to compress the artery until it is completely closed (greater than the systolic pressure).
The stethoscope is placed to your arm and listens to the pulse while the cuff pressure released slowly

Question 3

Define systolic pressure

Answer 3

The highest pressure in the cycle (systolic pressure) results from maximum contraction of the heart,

remember sisters make your bp raise ie systolic

Question 4

define diastolic pressure

Answer 4

is the minimum pressure (diastolic pressure) occurs following relaxation of the heart

Question 5

How is systolic pressure measured

Answer 5

The systolic pressure is measured when the pulse heard, systolic pressure

Question 6

How is diastolic pressure measured

Answer 6

The diastolic pressure is measured from the moment the sound of the pulse is no longer heard.

Question 7

pressure of ranges in systolic and diastolic

Answer 7

Both systolic and diastolic pressures have a range of acceptable values (bands), i.e. 80 ± 10 mm Hg, and 120 ± 10 mm Hg.

average blood pressure drops by around 20 mm Hg during the night-time period.

Question 8

Explain ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) and differentiate between normal and abnormal values.

Answer 8

These Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM)
are usually conducted over periods of days and are useful in diagnosing hypertension (i.e. elevated pulse pressures).

Question 9

old people hypertension

Answer 9

Older patients with hypertension can be characterised by elevated systolic pressure. This is mainly due to a loss in compliance of the main arteries

Question 10

what’s aortic compliance

Answer 10

Aortic compliance decreases with age: due to structural changes, thereby producing age-dependent increases in pulse pressure. C= ∆V/∆P