cervix

Question 1

viral gene causing inactivation of the p53

Answer 1

E6

Question 2

releases E2F from pRb driving cells into the cycle

Answer 2

E7

Question 3

modifiers of HPV to progress to cervical CA

Answer 3

std, hiv, smoking, immunosuppression

Question 4

latency incubation to cancer

Answer 4

15 years

Question 5

associated with the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix but not adenocarcinoma

Answer 5

smoking

Question 6

bivalent cervarix

Answer 6

hpv 16, 18

Question 7

quadrivalent gardasil

Answer 7

hpv 16, 18, 6, 11

Question 8

nanovalent gardasil-9

Answer 8

hpv (16, 18, 6, 11) & 31, 33, 45, 52, 58

Question 9

T or F

HPV vaccines do not work on existing infection or associated preinvasive or invasive disease, and it is therefore most effective if given prior to sexual debut and exposure to HPV.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

HPV vaccine be given to both boys and girls at what age

Answer 10

age 11-12 (as early as 9 y/o)

Question 11

Catch-up vaccination should be offered for females

Answer 11

13 to 26 years who have not been previously vaccinated

Question 12

Pap smear: site where sample is taken

Answer 12

transformation zone

Question 13

area where the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix meets the columnar epithelium of the endocervix

Answer 13

squamocolumnar junction

Question 14

site where premalignant and malignant lesions develop

Answer 14

transformation zone

Question 15

area involving old and new squamocolumnar junction

Answer 15

transformation zone

Question 16

pap testing every 3 years

Answer 16

21-29

Question 17

hpv co-testing with pap every 5 yrs or pap testing every 3 years

Answer 17

30-65

Question 18

who have had three consecutive negative Pap tests or two consecutive negative HPV tests, provided they have had no history of high-grade dysplasia (CIN2/3) or cancer (CIN2+) in the past 20 years.

Answer 18

> 65 y/o screening not recommended

Question 19

not had previous screening

should undergo Pap and HPV testing.

Answer 19

> 65 y/o

Question 20

not recommended

for women who have had a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix and who do not have a history of CIN2+

Answer 20

HPV testing and Pap test not recommended

Question 21

most common squamous abnormality

Answer 21

atypical squamous cells (ASC) of undetermined significance (ASC-US)

Question 22

repeat cytology at 12 months or re ex HPV testing. If HPV testing is positive, colposcopy is performed.

If HPV testing is negative, return to routine screening

Answer 22

ASC-US

Question 23

prebasal cell

Answer 23

no hormonal predominance / menopause

Question 24

intermediate cell

Answer 24

inc progesterone

Question 25

superficial cell

Answer 25

inc estrogen

Question 26

koilocyte

Answer 26

binucleate with large, hyperchromatic nuclei with granular and clumped chromatin. irreg halo with sharp margin