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General Anatomy II > Cervical Triangles > Flashcards

Cervical Triangles Flashcards

1
Q

Platysma OIAN

A

Origin: deep fascia covering the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

Insertion: lower margin of the body of mandible blending with the muscle at the angle of the mouth

Nerve supply: cervical branch of facial nerve

Action: depresses the mandible and draws the lower lip and angle of the mouth

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2
Q

Posterior Triangle Boundries

A
  • Anteriorly: the SCM
  • Posteriorly: the trapezius muscle
  • Inferiorly: the middle third of clavicle
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3
Q

Posterior Triangle Contents

A

Arteries: subclavian, superficial
(transverse) cervical, suprascapular,
occipital artery–>Branch of the external Carotid aa.

Veins: external jugular and its tributaries, subclavian vein

• Nerves: brachial plexus, spinal accessory (SCM & Upper Trap.), branches of cervical plexus

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4
Q

Posterior Triangle Divisions

A
  • the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle divides the posterior triangle into two smaller
    triangles ( Occipital Triangle and Supraclavicular Triangle)
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5
Q

Supraclavicular triangle

A

is the smaller triangle between inferior part
of SCM, inferior belly of omohyoid
and middle third of clavicle.

(subclavian triangle b/c subclavian aa. vv. go through it)

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6
Q

Occipital triangle

A

between SCM, trapezius and inferior belly of

omohyoid.

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7
Q

Omohyoid OIAN

A

Origin: scapular notch

Insertion: Later Hyoid Bone

Action: Depress Hyoid bone

Nerve:

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8
Q

Posterior Triangle Floor

A 
Floor
• prevertebral fascia
• splenius capitis
• levator scapulae
• middle scalene
• posterior scalene
• anterior scalene, occasionally
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9
Q

Anterior Scalene OIAN

A
  • Origin: Anterior tubercles of TPs of C3-C6
  • Insertion: First rib
  • Nerve supply: Ventral rami of C4-C6

• Action: Bilaterally, it elevates first
rib. Unilaterally, it laterally flexes
and rotates the neck.

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10
Q

Anterior Scalene Relations

A
  • Anteriorly:
  • Subclavian vein
  • Transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries
  • Phrenic nerve
  • Posteriorly:
  • Subclavian artery
  • Brachial plexus
  • Medially:
  • Vertebral artery & vein
  • Thyrocervical trunk
  • Laterally:
  • Roots of brachial plexus
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11
Q

Middle Scalene OIAN

A
  • Origin: Posterior tubercles of TPs of C2-C7
  • Insertion: Upper surface of first rib behind groove for subclavianartery
  • Nerve supply: Ventral rami of C3 to C8
  • Action: Bilaterally, it elevates first rib. Unilaterally, it laterally flexes the neck
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12
Q

Posterior Scalene OIAN

A
  • Origin: Posterior tubercles of TPs of C4-C6 or C5-C7
  • Insertion: Outer surface of second rib
  • Nerve supply: Ventral rami of C6 to C8
  • Action: Bilaterally, it elevates second rib. Unilaterally, it laterally flexes the neck
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13
Q

Anterior Triangle Boundries

A

Anterior: midline of the neck

Posterior: anterior border of SCM

Superior: lower margin of mandible

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14
Q

Submental Triangle Boundries

A
  • Medial: midline of the neck
  • Lateral: anterior belly of digastric muscle
  • Inferior: body of hyoid bone
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15
Q

Submental Triangle Contents

A

Contents
• Lymph nodes
• Beginning of anterior jugular v.

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16
Q

Digastric Triangle Boundries

A
  • Medial: anterior belly of digastric
  • Lateral: posterior belly of digastric
  • Superior:lower border of mandible
17
Q

Digastric Triangle Contents

A 
Contents
• Submandibular gland
• Facial a. & v.
• Lymph nodes
• Hypoglossal n.
• Mylohyoid nerve
• Carotid a., IJV, vagus
• Stylohyoid
• Glossopharyngeal n.
• Lower part of parotid gland
18
Q

Carotid Triangle Boundries

A
  • Medial: superior belly of omohyoid
  • Lateral: anterior border of SCM
  • Superior: posterior belly of digastric
19
Q

Carotid Triangle Contents

A 
Contents
• CCA, ECA, & ICA
• Branches of ECA
• IJV & tributaries
• Internal & external laryngeal 
nerves
• IX, X, & XII cranial nerves
• Deep cervical lymph nodes
20
Q

Muscular Triangle Boundries

A
  • Medial: midline of the neck
  • Inferior: anterior border of SCM
  • Superior: superior belly of omohyoid
21
Q

Muscular Triangle Contents

A 
Contents:
• Sternohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Thyroid gland
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Esophagus
• Recurrent laryngeal nerve
22
Q

Digastric Muscle OIAN

A

The muscle has anterior and posterior bellies connected by an intermediate tendon.

Origin: By posterior belly from medial surface of mastoid process

Insertion: By anterior belly into the digastric fossa of the mandible

Nerve supply:
• Posterior belly by facial nerve
• Anterior belly by nerve to mylohyoid

Action: Depresses the mandible or elevates the hyoid bone.

23
Q

Stylohyoid Muscle OIAN

A

Origin: styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: The muscle passes downward and forward along the upper border of the posterior belly of digastric muscle and inserts into the
hyoid bone at the junction of the body and greater cornu. It is pierced near its insertion by the intermediate tendon of digastric muscle.

Nerve supply: Facial nerve

Action: Elevates the hyoid bone.

24
Q

Mylohyoid Muscle OIAN

A

Origin: Mylohyoid line of the mandible

Insertion: The posterior fibers inert into the body of the hyoid bone. The anterior fibers insert into a fibrous raphe, which extends from the symphysis menti to the body of the hyoid bone.

Nerve supply: Mylohyoid nerve, a branch of inferior alveolar, a branch of the mandibular nerve.

Action: Elevates the hyoid bone when the mandible is fixed and depresses the mandible when the hyoid bone is fixed.

25
Q

External Jugular Vein Origion

A

Begins at the angle of the mandible
from:
posterior auricular vv. + posterior division of the retromandibular vv.

26
Q

Anterior Middle Posterior Scalene Easy

A

Anterior Middle Posterior
TP’s C3-6 C2-7 C4-6/C5-7
1st Rib 1st Rib 2nd Rib
VR C4-6 C3-8 C6-8

27
Q

What 2 branches receive contributions from all of the brachial plexus?

A

Radial and Median

28
Q

Cervial plexus is related to the…

A

Internal Jugular Vv.

29
Q

Ansa Cervicalis

A 
Superior root: C1
Inferior root: C2-C3 fibers
All infrahyoid Muscles:
-Thyrohyoid
-Omohyoid
-Sternohyoid
-Sternothyroid

General Anatomy II (1 decks)

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