Cervical Spine, Thoracic Spine, Lumbar Spine Flashcards
C1
does not have TP, therefore first process palpated below occiput is C2
most prominent SP?
C7
TP palpated posterior to angle of mandible?
C1
hyoid bone
anterior to C3
thyroid cartilage
anterior to C4/C5
cricoid cartilage
anterior to C6
atypical vs. typical cervical vertebrae?
atypica = OA and AA joint typical = C2-7
OA joint
occiput on atlas movment
- major motions: extension and flexion with
- minor motions: s/b and rotation are coupled and occur in opposite dxns
- ** somatic dysfunction is found in minor motions ***
example ddx: OA ESLRR
AA joint
describes motion of C1 (atlas) on axis (C2)
- major motion is rotation which accounts for 40-50% of rotation in cervical spine
- motions in saggital and coronal plane (flexion/extension and sidebending) are minor and do NOT typically contribute to somatic dysfunctions of the AA joint
To ddx: flex lower C-spine to limit rotation of these joints then test for rotation
example ddx: AA RR
C2-7
- rotation and s/b are coupled motions, usually occur to same side
- coupled motion is due to BUM (backward, upward, medial) orientation of superior facets
type I
neutral - segment, ocurring in same direction
Type II dysfunction
extension/flexion, of single segment dysfunction
where are thoracic landmarks?
C7 = most prominent
T2 SP = at level of superior angle of scapula
T3 SP = level of scapular spine
T7 SP = level of inferior angle of scapula
L4 SP = level of superior aspect of iliac crest
rule’s of threes?
T1-3: spinous process at same level as TP T4-6: SP is half step below T7-9: SP is full step below T10: full step below T11: half step below T12: same level
Kirksville crunch
for T5 FRSR
- stand on left side of patient
- instruct patient to cross arms over chest, with arm on same side as posterior transverse process on top
- flexion acheived by bending pt. body toward you, extension by keeping shoulders flat on table
- flex up patients head and neck towards you
MET for OA?
for OA FRRSL:
use oculocephalogyric reflex to tx, looking toward position of ease
MET for tx of AA?
ddx: AA RR
- flex patients neck up until motion is palpated at C2, rotate patients head to left to feather edge, instruct patient to return to position of ease
MET for typical cervical dysfunction?
ex ddx: C3FRRSR
- gently flex pt head and neck until motion is palpated at C3, apply anterior force over pillars to extend segment, rotate and sidebend C3 to the left to restrictive barrier
anterior lumbar tenderpoints?
L1 = medial to ASIS L2 = medial to AIIs L3 = lateral to AIIS L4 = inferior to AIIS L5 = anterior aspect of pubic symphysis
on-side HVLA for type 1 Lumbar dysfunction?
ddx: L2-4 NSLRR
stand in front of patient, lay patient in lateral recumbant with sidebending side down
Flex patients hips until motion is palpated at C3, straighten out left leg and flex upper leg.
- pull patients left arm to enduce right sidebending
- place forearm lateral to SI ijoint, medial to greater trochanter
localize SB and Rotation by applying anteriorly and superiorly directed force to pelvis from forearm
- final corrective force is anteriorly, superiorly directed to pelvis from caudad forearm
on-side HVLA for type II lumbar?
ddx: L3, FRSL
- lay patient sidebending side down
- flex patients hips until motion is palpated, straighten out lower leg, let upper leg drop anteriorly
- pull patients arm to induce right sidebending
- translate patients shoulders posteriorly until extension is felt at L3
- pull patients shoulder to ceiling to induce right rotation
- final corrective force = anteriorly and superiorly
walk-around technique?
xddx: L2 FRSR
- place heel on right transverse process
have pt. interlace fingers and clasp hands behind neck, then reach beneath patients left arm with your left armand contact their right humerus
instruct patient to slump forward
extend pt. until motion is palpated
then sidebend patient to left by translating shoulders to right
rotate patient to left by pulling arm
final corrective force is anterior and lateral
