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MSK III > cervical spine intervention > Flashcards

cervical spine intervention Flashcards

1
Q

what levels are upper cervical injuries?

A

c0-c2

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2
Q

what levels are lower cervical spine injuries?

A

c3-c7

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3
Q

loss of lordotic curve in the cervical spine is often a result of …

A

muscle spasm

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4
Q

moving more distally, or worsening of symptoms

A

peripheralizing

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5
Q

more more centrally, improvement of symptoms

A

centralizing

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6
Q

unfavorable signs of neck injury

A

paresthesia, muscle weakness, radicular signs, neurological deficit

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7
Q

the first goal of treating a patient with radicular signs and symptoms

A

relieve the pressure from the nerve!!!

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8
Q

what is an injury from whiplash called?

A

whiplash associated disorders (WAD)

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9
Q

which type of whiplash is the worst?

A

hyperextension

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10
Q

rotation of the head during a whiplash incident may injury these ligaments

A

alar ligaments

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11
Q

strain and spasm of the cervical flexors may also limit this action, produced by upper traps

A

shrugging shoulders

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12
Q

imaging results and motor dysfunction are good prognostic indicators of WAD. t or f

A

False

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13
Q

cervical spondylosis is both inflammatory and degenerative. t or f

A

True

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14
Q

Spondylosis: As the disc degenerates and loses bulk, a reduction of the ____ in the nucleus pulposus occurs, leading to an increase in collagen in the nucleus pulposus.

A

GAGs, glucosaminoglycans

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15
Q

is the scientific word for the balance between pliability and stiffness or rigidity in something living.

A

turgor

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16
Q

__________ subluxation is the most common type of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with a quoted incidence of 50% to 70%.

A

atlantoaxial

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17
Q

the symptom identifier that was most related to cervical instability

A

intolerance to prolonged static postures

18
Q

bulging of the disc without rupture of the annulus fibrosus

A

protrusion

19
Q

the outermost fibers of the annulus fibrosus contain the nucleus

A

prolapse

20
Q

the annulus fibrosus is perforated and discal material moves into the epidural space

A

extrusion

21
Q

discal fragments from the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus outside the disc proper

A

sequestration

22
Q

most common population to have disc herniation

A

males in 30s

23
Q

most commons areas in cervical spine for disc herniation

A

c5-6, c6-7

24
Q

most common disc herniations in cervical spine

A

posterior, posterolateral

25
Q

disc bulge that may produce bilateral symptoms in the limbs

A

posterior (central)

26
Q

spinal stenosis is diagnosed if the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal is less than

A

13mm

27
Q

Clinical Prediction Rule for Cervical Myelopathy

A 
Gait deviation
Positive Hoffmann’s test
Positive inverted supinator sign
Positive Babinski test
Age > 45 years
28
Q

Classic Signs and Symptoms of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

5Ds, 1A,3Ns

A 
dysarthria
dysphagia
drop attacks
dizziness
diplopia
ataxia
nausea
numbness
nystagmus
29
Q

The best available evidence indicates that the C2-3 _______ joints are the most common source of cervicogenic headache, accounting for approximately 70% of cases.

A

facet

30
Q

Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test is usually negative in patients with cervicogenic HA. t or f

A

False, positive

31
Q

cervicogenic HA is usually…..

tension-type HA is usually….

A

cervicogenic; unilateral

tension type; bilateral

32
Q

a combination of therapist-applied cervical manipulation and mobilization with ___________strengthening was most effective for decreasing pain outcomes in those with cervicogenic headache

A

cervicoscapular

33
Q

Limited motion with a ______ capsular end feel requires rhythmical oscillations that stretch the capsular tissues.

A

hard

34
Q

Limited motion with a pathomechanical end feel (i.e., abrupt and lightly springy) requires nonrythmical techniques, such as high-velocity, low-amplitude thrusts (________) or minithrusts (oscillations).

A

manipulation

35
Q

grade 1 and 2 mobilizations should be used during these pain states

A

acute and subacute

36
Q

Following whiplash, active mobilization has been found to be better than rest and cervical collar. T or f

A

True

37
Q

If a cervical collar is used, it should be time limited. T or f

A

True

38
Q

Static cervical traction is indicated for patients with

A

High joint or nerve root irritability

39
Q

Intermittent traction produces 1/2 as much separation as static, t or f

A

False, intermittent creates 2x separation compared to static

40
Q

Centralization of symptoms is a good thing. T or f

A

True, movements that centralize symptoms should be repeated

MSK III (6 decks)

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