cervical spine intervention

Question 1

what levels are upper cervical injuries?

Answer 1

c0-c2

Question 2

what levels are lower cervical spine injuries?

Answer 2

c3-c7

Question 3

loss of lordotic curve in the cervical spine is often a result of …

Answer 3

muscle spasm

Question 4

moving more distally, or worsening of symptoms

Answer 4

peripheralizing

Question 5

more more centrally, improvement of symptoms

Answer 5

centralizing

Question 6

unfavorable signs of neck injury

Answer 6

paresthesia, muscle weakness, radicular signs, neurological deficit

Question 7

the first goal of treating a patient with radicular signs and symptoms

Answer 7

relieve the pressure from the nerve!!!

Question 8

what is an injury from whiplash called?

Answer 8

whiplash associated disorders (WAD)

Question 9

which type of whiplash is the worst?

Answer 9

hyperextension

Question 10

rotation of the head during a whiplash incident may injury these ligaments

Answer 10

alar ligaments

Question 11

strain and spasm of the cervical flexors may also limit this action, produced by upper traps

Answer 11

shrugging shoulders

Question 12

imaging results and motor dysfunction are good prognostic indicators of WAD. t or f

Answer 12

False

Question 13

cervical spondylosis is both inflammatory and degenerative. t or f

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Spondylosis: As the disc degenerates and loses bulk, a reduction of the ____ in the nucleus pulposus occurs, leading to an increase in collagen in the nucleus pulposus.

Answer 14

GAGs, glucosaminoglycans

Question 15

is the scientific word for the balance between pliability and stiffness or rigidity in something living.

Answer 15

turgor

Question 16

__________ subluxation is the most common type of cervical spine instability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with a quoted incidence of 50% to 70%.

Answer 16

atlantoaxial

Question 17

the symptom identifier that was most related to cervical instability

Answer 17

intolerance to prolonged static postures

Question 18

bulging of the disc without rupture of the annulus fibrosus

Answer 18

protrusion

Question 19

the outermost fibers of the annulus fibrosus contain the nucleus

Answer 19

prolapse

Question 20

the annulus fibrosus is perforated and discal material moves into the epidural space

Answer 20

extrusion

Question 21

discal fragments from the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus outside the disc proper

Answer 21

sequestration

Question 22

most common population to have disc herniation

Answer 22

males in 30s

Question 23

most commons areas in cervical spine for disc herniation

Answer 23

c5-6, c6-7

Question 24

most common disc herniations in cervical spine

Answer 24

posterior, posterolateral

Question 25

disc bulge that may produce bilateral symptoms in the limbs

Answer 25

posterior (central)

Question 26

spinal stenosis is diagnosed if the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal is less than

Answer 26

13mm

Question 27

Clinical Prediction Rule for Cervical Myelopathy

Answer 27

``` Gait deviation Positive Hoffmann’s test Positive inverted supinator sign Positive Babinski test Age > 45 years ```

Question 28

Classic Signs and Symptoms of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency | 5Ds, 1A,3Ns

Answer 28

``` dysarthria dysphagia drop attacks dizziness diplopia ataxia nausea numbness nystagmus ```

Question 29

The best available evidence indicates that the C2-3 _______ joints are the most common source of cervicogenic headache, accounting for approximately 70% of cases.

Answer 29

facet

Question 30

Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test is usually negative in patients with cervicogenic HA. t or f

Answer 30

False, positive

Question 31

cervicogenic HA is usually..... | tension-type HA is usually....

Answer 31

cervicogenic; unilateral | tension type; bilateral

Question 32

a combination of therapist-applied cervical manipulation and mobilization with ___________strengthening was most effective for decreasing pain outcomes in those with cervicogenic headache

Answer 32

cervicoscapular

Question 33

Limited motion with a ______ capsular end feel requires rhythmical oscillations that stretch the capsular tissues.

Answer 33

hard

Question 34

Limited motion with a pathomechanical end feel (i.e., abrupt and lightly springy) requires nonrythmical techniques, such as high-velocity, low-amplitude thrusts (________) or minithrusts (oscillations).

Answer 34

manipulation

Question 35

grade 1 and 2 mobilizations should be used during these pain states

Answer 35

acute and subacute

Question 36

Following whiplash, active mobilization has been found to be better than rest and cervical collar. T or f

Answer 36

True

Question 37

If a cervical collar is used, it should be time limited. T or f

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Static cervical traction is indicated for patients with

Answer 38

High joint or nerve root irritability

Question 39

Intermittent traction produces 1/2 as much separation as static, t or f

Answer 39

False, intermittent creates 2x separation compared to static

Question 40

Centralization of symptoms is a good thing. T or f

Answer 40

True, movements that centralize symptoms should be repeated