Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

F3 E2 Shea > Cervical spine > Flashcards

Cervical spine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 causes of a cervical strain/sprain?

A
  1. Forced mvmt past end range
  2. Violent high velocity mvmt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the clinical presentation of what:

  • Non-radicular, non-focal neck pain anywhere from base of skullto cervicothoracic junction
  • c/o neck spasm and limited ROM
  • +/- cervicogenic HA
A

Cervical strain/sprain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 6 indications to get a cervical spine radiograph for non-trauma related?

A
  1. >50y/o w/ new sxs
  2. Constitutional sxs (F, weight loss, etc)
  3. mod-severe neck pain >6wks
  4. Infectious risk (IVDU, etc)
  5. h/o malignancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 5 components of the Nexus criteria?

(no cervical x-rays needed in traumatic injury)

A
  1. Posterior midline tenderness
  2. No altered consciousness
  3. No abnormal neuro
  4. No intoxication
  5. No painful distracting injuries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 criteria used to determine if x-rays are NOT needed in a traumatic c-spine injury?

A
  1. Nexus Criteria
  2. Canadian C-spine rule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 C-spine views?

A
  1. A/P
  2. Lateral
  3. Odontoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What test is used to eval for a cervical strain/sprain? Should it be pos or neg?

A
  • Spurlings (tests for radicular pain)
  • Should be NEG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which C-spine levels are routinely checked during a neuro exam (MC to be injured)

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the Spurling’s test used to help dx (2)?

A

Cervical disc herniation

Cervical Spondylosis

(radicular pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which condition?

  • Cervical pain/stiffness 12-24hrs after injury
  • Pain peaks day 3-5
  • dramatic ROM loss greatest w/ flexion and extension
A

“Whiplash”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Whiplash:

  • Pain w/ axial loading?
  • Nml or abnl neuro exam?
A
  • Pain w/ axial loading? NO
  • Nml or abnl neuro exam? NML
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What condition?

A

Whiplash

(straightening from mm. spasm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do you tx Strain/Sprain/Whiplash? (6)

A
  • Soft cervical collar
  • NSAIDs/Tylenol
  • Muscle relaxers (Cyclobenzapine, Metaxalone)
  • Cervical pillow
  • Heat/ice
  • PT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 causes of Cervical Facet Dysfunction?

A
  1. Prolonged positional stress
  2. Traumatic injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is cervical Facet Dysfunction?

A

Shift in vertebral alignment–> “locking” of facet joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clinical presentation?

  • Insidious onset
  • Unilateral–> sharp in C-spine, Achey in referral zone
  • Focal facet TTP
  • ROM limitations:
    • ipsilateral- sharp pain increases w/ extension
    • Contralateral–> tightness
A

Cervical Facet Dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you tx Cervical Facet Dysfunction? (3)

A
  • Analgesics
  • Muscle relaxers
  • Early referral to PT/DC/DO
18
Q

What is the main complication of Cervical manipulation/

A

Cerebral artery occlusion/dissection

19
Q

What are the 4 sxs of cerebral artery occlusion/dissection (complication of cervical manipulation)

A
  1. Cervical/suboccipital pain
  2. Dizziness
  3. N/V
  4. Vision loss
20
Q

What is cervical radiculopathy?

A

Neurogenic pain in the distribution of cervical roots

+/- numbness and tingling

21
Q

What are the 2 causes of cervical radiculopathy and what age groups are they MC in?

A
  1. Cervical disc bulge/herniation (young and old)
  2. Cervical foraminal narrowing (old)
22
Q

Abrupt onset of cervical radiculopathy indicates what as the cause?

A

disc bulge/herniation

23
Q

What is the hallmark sx of cervical radiculopathy?

A

Cervical radicular pain increased w/:

  • rotation, lateral flexion and extension to involved side
24
Q

What is the name of the test used to test for cervical radiculopathy?

Will this test be pos or neg?

A

Positive spurlings

25
Q

Why are serial neuro exams important in the case of disc bulge/herniation as the cause of cervical radiculopathy?

A

neuro deficits might not present initially

26
Q

In young adults, are you more likely to see abrupt or gradual onset of cervical radiculopathy?

A

abrupt

27
Q

Which of the following views allows you to optimally see the (cervical) foramen?

A

The oblique view

28
Q

What are the 5 x-ray views used when evaluating for cervical radiculopathy?

A
  • A/P
  • Lateral
  • Odontoid
  • R/L obliques
29
Q

How do you tx Cervical Radiculopathy? (7)

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Steroids (Prednisone)
  • Acetaminophen
  • PT (cervical traction, postural education)
  • OT
  • +/- Neuro/PMR consult (persistent/worsening pain despite conserv. tx)–> epidural injections
  • +/- surgical consult (failure w/ conservative care)
30
Q
A
31
Q

What is conservative tx for Cervical radiculopathy? (5)

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Steroids (Prednisone)
  • Acetaminophen
  • PT (cervical traction, postural education)
  • OT
32
Q

Which condition?

  • Degenerative dz
  • Osteophytes
  • Ligamentum flavum thickening
  • Disk space narrowing
  • Vertebral subluxation
A

Cervical spondylosis

33
Q

What cervical levels is Cervical Spondylosis MC at?

A
  • C5-C6
  • C6-C7
34
Q

Clinical presentation of what?

  • Progressive ROM loss/stiffness
  • Pain not well localized
  • Deep, aching neck and shoulder pain
  • Cervical crepitus
  • Focal/defuse TTP along spinous processes and facet joints
A

Cervical Spondylosis

35
Q

Is there TTP to the affected area in a cervical sprain/strain and whiplash?

A

yes

36
Q

What is the main concern for cervial spondylosis?

A

Myelopathy

37
Q
  • Weak hands/atrophy of hand musculature
  • Leg weakness
  • unsteady gait
  • Bladder/bowel dysfunction
  • hyper-reflexia
  • Lhermittes sign
  • sensory impairment
A

Myelopathy (Cervical Spondylosis)

38
Q

Which condition has Lhermitte’s sign (electric shock down back w/ neck flexion)

A

Myelopathy (Cervical Spondylosis)

39
Q

What condition?

A

Cervical Spondylosis

40
Q

What condition?

A

Cervical Spondylosis

41
Q

How do you tx Cervical Spondylosis? (8)

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Duloxetine
  • Amitryptyline (if prob w/ sleep)
  • Gabapentin
  • Cervical pillow
  • Cervical traction
  • PT
  • Surgical fixation (if fail above)
42
Q

Should you prescribe narcotics for Cervical Spondylosis?

A

NO

F3 E2 Shea (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions