Cervical Spine Flashcards
1
Q
Ligamentous Stability
A
- Transverse
- Alar
2
Q
Transverse Ligament
A
- Strong, primary stabilizer of upper cervical spine
- Prevents anterior displacement of C1 (atlas) over C2 (axis
3
Q
Atlanto-Odontoid Interval Distance
A
Distance between Odontoid and posterior boarder of anterior arch of atlas
- < 3mm (adults)
- < 5mm (children)
4
Q
Atlanto-Odontoid Instability Pathophysiology
A
Adult: Degenerative, RA, Type 1 Odontoid, Fracture (rare), Atlas Fracture, Transverse Ligament injuries
Pediatrics: JRA, Down syndrome
5
Q
Alar Ligament Purpose
A
- Limits C0-C2 extension
- Limits: Rotation, Flexion, lateral flexion
- Stabilizing C1-C1 during rotation (Big Role)
6
Q
Atlanto-Occipital Joint Osteokinematics
A
- Flexion: 15 deg
- Lateral Flexion: 2-11 deg
- Rotation: 0-7 deg
7
Q
Atlanto-Axial Joint Osteokinematics (C1-C2)
A
- Flexion-Extension: 10 deg
- Rotation: 40 deg
8
Q
Upper Cervical Spine (C0-C2) Osteokinematics
A
- C0-C1: Sagittal plane
- C1-C2: Transverse plane
- Together: 1/3 sagittal plane, 1/2 transverse plane
9
Q
Lower Cervical Spine (C3-C7) Osteokinematics
A
- Flexion: 50 deg
- Extension: 60 deg
- Lateral Flexion: 45 deg
- Rotation: 80 deg
10
Q
Coupled Motion of C3-C7
A
Lateral Flexion and Rotation coupled to the same side.
11
Q
Risk Factors: Age
A
12
Q
Risk Factors: Gender
A
13
Q
Prognosis Good outcomes
A
Younger Age
14
Q
Prognosis Poor outcome
A
- Older Age > 40 yo
- Headache
- Poor Health
- Previous Trauma
- Hx of neck pain
- long duration of neck pain
15
Q
Red Flags Cervical
A
- Cervical myelopathy
- Carotid artery insufficiency
- Vertebral Artery insufficiency
- Primary Brain Tumor
- Sudden Severe Headaches
- Mild TBI or post concussion syndrome
- ischemic stroke
- Meningitis
