Cervical disorders Flashcards
cervical ectopion
eversion of endocervix
exposing columnar epithelium to vaginal milieu
when is cervical ectopion physiological
adolescents
pregnancy
oestrogen contraceptives
endocervical canal epithelium
columnar
ectocervix epithelium
stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium
risk factors for cervical ectropion
COCP
pregnancy
adolescense
menstruating age
clinical features of ectopion
asymptomatic
PCB, IMB
excessive discharge
speculum ectropion
reddish appearance around ring in external os
DD cervical ectopion
cervical cancer
CIN
cervicitis
pregnancy
investigations cervical ectopion
pregnancy test
triple swabs
cervical smear
management of cervical ectopion
normal variant
doesn’t require treatment unless symptomatic
stop COCP
ablation of columnar epithelium: crytherapy, electrocautery
boric acid pessaries
cervical polyps
benign growths protruding from the inner surface of the cervix
typically asymptomatic
causes of cervical polyps
chronic inflammation
abnormal response to oestrogen
localised congestion of cervical vasculature
risk factors for cervical polypa
multigravidae
peak in incidence between 50-60
symptoms of cervical polyps
asymptomatic
abnormal vaginal bleeding
increased vaginal discharge
can cause infertility if they block canal
signs of cervical polyps
polypoid growths
projecting through external os
DD of cervical poylps
cervical ectoption or cancer STI fibroids endometriosis pregnancy-related bleeding endometrial carcinoma in post-menopause endometrial polyp
investigations for cervical polyps
histology
triple swabs
cervical smear
USS to assess endometrial cavity
management of cervical polyps
small risk of malignant transformation
polypectomy forceps
diathermy for larger polyps
send for histology
complications of polyp removal
infection
haemorrhage
uterine perforation