Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geriatrics > Cervical Case Management Final > Flashcards

Cervical Case Management Final Flashcards

1
Q

Which headaches have the best evidence for chiropractic care?

A

Migraine and cervicogenic (spinal manipulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which is the last joint to develop?

A

The TMJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do the cervical portion of CNs 9-10 refer?

A

ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the trapezius muscle refer?

A

temporal area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the 2nd cervical nerve refer?

A

under the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many visits for a typical TMD case?

A

2-3x per week for 3-4 weeks for a total of 6-12 visits is the best recommendation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How far does the upper TMJ slide when opening?

A

25-55mm on average

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much does the lower TMJ hinge when opening?

A

0-25mm on average

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What should you know about capsular sprain in the TMJ?

A
  1. Pain with stretching (chewing on ipsilateral side)
  2. Palpatory pain at capsule
  3. Excessive ROM
  4. No noise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should you know about retrodiscitis?

A
  1. trauma to retrodiscal tissues causes swelling and displacement of condyle
  2. Bleeding and sometime severe pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should you know about MFTPs in the TMJ?

A
  1. Pain provocation with eating or clenching
  2. often bilateral palpatory pain in muscles
  3. Palpatory pain in cervical musculature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TMD disc dysfunction pattern

A
  1. Meniscal hesitation
  2. Maniscal attachment damage
  3. Reducible meniscal displacement
  4. Irreducible meniscal displacement
  5. Resolution (pseudodisc)
  6. Degeneration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should you know about joint degeneration in the TMJ?

A
  1. Painful joint motion with restricted opening (d/t pain)
  2. Opening ipsilateral deflection
    3, joint line and capsular tenderness when inflamed
  3. Malocclusions can occur
  4. Possible pain in cervical/masticatory muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 2 conditions in the TMJ the require immediate referral?

A
  1. Acute Coronary Syndrome
  2. Temporal Arteritis
    Urgent: Hemarthrosis or infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contraindications to TMJ manipulation

A
  1. Acute inflammation, infection
  2. Fracture/dislocation
  3. Variable click (unstable disc)
  4. Bone softening diseases
  5. Hemarthrosis
  6. Surgical/dental interventions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TMD related headache guidelines

A
  1. Pain is precipitated by jaw movements
  2. Reduced ROM or irregular opening
  3. Noise from one or both sides
  4. Tenderness of joint capsule
  5. Imaging evidence of TMD
  6. Headache should resolve within 3 months without recurrence with treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ice versus heat from TMD?

A 
acute = ice 2-5 mins
subacute =  moist heat 3-5 mins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

EMS treatment for TMD

A

on masticatory muscles at 10-25 Hz to muscle tremor (not contraction) for 10 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Best headache treatment plan?

A

Larger, concentrated doses. 9-12 treatments over 3-4 weeks showed most benefit

20
Q

How long before uncomplicated cervicogenic headaches should respond to treatment?

A

3-6 weeks. Best to have an aggressive start with 6-7 treatments in 2 weeks

21
Q

Biomechanics of C0-C1?

A
  1. 25 degree F/E with no coupling
  2. 4-8 degree rotation at end range
  3. 5 degree rotation coupled with opposite LF
22
Q

How many facet planes are present on each C1 facet?

A

up to 3

23
Q

How much lateral flexion in C1-2

A

5 degree which couples with ipsilateral lateral translation

24
Q

what is ice to the neck and heat to the hands used to treat?

A

Headaches, especially those that are not responding to CMT

25
Q

Prognosis clues for acute neck patients?

A
  1. Greater than 8 days of pain
  2. Severe pain
  3. More than 4 previous episodes
  4. Pre-existing structural or pathological Dx
26
Q

How long should a cervical collar be worn at home

A
  1. Max 3-4 days continuously

2. up to 8 weeks with jarring activities

27
Q

never adjust a disc into…

A

PAIN

28
Q

when can you adjust an acute disc in the cervical spine into LF, Rot and Ex/F

A

not until 50% improvement is achieved and radicular pain is above the elbow

29
Q

Rehab steps for neck pain

A
  1. Establish AROM
  2. Eval and train deep segmental stabilizers
  3. Address posture and breathing
  4. Address muscle imbalances
  5. Re-train proprioception-muscle response loop
30
Q

Step one: establish AROM

A
  1. Isometrics
  2. Mckenzie
  3. AROM to restore pain from motion
31
Q

step two: deep segmental stabilizers

A
  1. chin retractions against gravity
  2. Forehead ball roll
  3. Head nodding with a pressure cuff
  4. Quadruped exercises
  5. Axial extension exercises
32
Q

Step five: retrain proprioception motor response loop

A
  1. PNF cross patterns
  2. Rhythmic and arhythmic stabilization challenges
  3. Head balancing
  4. Re-positioning exercises
  5. Balance board
33
Q

Thirds by 3 months rule for whiplash?

A

At ~3 months 1/3 will have recovered from initial pain and disability, 1/3 will have persisting lower levels of pain and disability and 1/3 will still have high levels

34
Q

Contraindications to CMT with whiplash cases?

A
  1. Fracture/dislocation
  2. Brain bleed, contusion or concussion
  3. Instability
  4. Myelopathy
  5. Esophageal/soft tissue ruptures
35
Q

Which x-ray view is often most important in cervical whiplash cases?

A

lateral (shows 85-90% of injuries)

36
Q

Common whiplash injuries

A
  1. Rim lesions
  2. Endplate avulsions
  3. Tears of ALL
  4. Uncinate process
  5. Articular subchondral fxs
  6. Articular pillar lesions!
  7. Articular process
  8. Ligament tears
37
Q

1st degree/mild sprain clues

A
  1. pain on stress of tissue only at end range
  2. No pain with isometric muscle testing
  3. Local tenderness
  4. mild local swelling
  5. No gross instability
  6. Minimal pain with weight bearing
38
Q

Grade 2 sprain clues?

A
  1. Pain with resistance
  2. Mild/moderate weakness
  3. Possible small defect
  4. Moderate swelling/brusiing
  5. Pain with passive stretching
39
Q

are electrotherapies helpful for acute WAD?

A

no, the evidence is lacking

40
Q

Mobilization versus manipulation for acute WAD?

A

mobilization has good evidence, not enough evidence for manipulation

41
Q

Acute WAD treatment plan

A

3x/w for 2 weeks, then 2-3x/w for 4 weeks then re-exam. Follow with 1-2x/w for 6 weeks then re-exam and finally 1-3x/w for 4-6 months up to a year

42
Q

What are the best referrals for management of WAD pain?

A

massage, LAc and ND

43
Q

How does low BMI in females affect treatment outcomes for WAD?

A

it is not great

44
Q

most common levels for facet injuries?

A

C5-6 and C2-3

45
Q

Most common exam findings for WAD patients?

A
  1. Tenderness around TPs and misalignment of C1
  2. Restrictions at C7-T1
  3. First costotransverse articulation restrictions
  4. Palpable misalignment of C1 TP, C2 SP and C0-C3 posterior joints
46
Q

What force is exerted on the head in a 20mph crash?

A

12Gs (only 5Gs needed to injure)

47
Q

2 injury phases of whiplash?

A
  1. Hyperextension at C5-6 and C6-7 with mild flexion at C0-C4
  2. Hyperextension of entire cervical spine

Geriatrics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions