Cervical

Question 1

Pathophysiology of cervical ectropion?

Answer 1

Migration of the squamocolumnar junction further down the cervix at times of high oestrogen exposure

Question 2

When should cervical ectropion be referred/treated?

Answer 2

If associated with abnormal smear, or if causing troublesome symptoms

Question 3

Management of cervical ectropion?

Answer 3

Cautery

Question 4

Cervical mucus retention cysts

Answer 4

Nabothian cysts

Question 5

Cervical screening intervals? (3)

Answer 5

3 yearly from 25 to 49
5 yearly from 50 to 64
Annually if HIV+ve

Question 6

Optimal timing of smear test?

Answer 6

Ideally mid-cycle; avoid menstruation if possible

Question 7

Scenario- HPV test negative

Answer 7

Routine recall

Question 8

Scenario- HPV test positive

Answer 8

Sent for cytology, colposcopy if abnormal and and 12-month recall if normal cytology

Question 9

Scenario- dyskaryotic glandular cells on cytology

Answer 9

Refer for colposcopy

Question 10

Main risk factor for cervical cancer?

Answer 10

HPV infection- all other risk factors relate to likelihood of this

Question 11

Prevention of cervical cancer?

Answer 11

Routine vaccination at age 12/13 for high-risk HPV strains

Question 12

When should cervical screening be delayed until after birth, if previous screens have been normal?

Answer 12

3 months