Certification Test

Question 1

When testing urine, what can the pH tell you? What are the normal levels?

Answer 1

pH measures the acidity/alkaline of a person’s urine.
Normal is 5.5-8. This tells you if they drinking water. Acid is harder for microbes to grow in. The more basic the urine is, the more chances microbes have to grow in it.

Question 2

When testing urine, what can the Specific gravity tell you? What is normal?

Answer 2

Measures the concentration of the urine. Normal levels are 1.010 to 1.025.

Question 3

When testing urine, what can Bilirubin tell you? What is normal?

Answer 3

Indicates liver disease and/or RBC destruction. There shouldn’t be any color change here.

Question 4

When testing urine, what can Glucose tell you? What is normal?

Answer 4

Indicates diabetes. The color shouldn’t change if healthy.

Question 5

When testing urine, what can WBCs/Nitrites tell you? What are the normal levels.

Answer 5

Indicates an infection in the urinary tract. This should not change color if the person is healthy.

Question 6

When testing urine, what can Ketones tell you? What are the normal levels?

Answer 6

Indicates starvation, diabetes, or vomiting. No color change when normal.

Question 7

When testing urine, what can Hemoglobin tell you? What is normal?

Answer 7

Indicates kidney disease/issues, infection, bleeding ,cancer, chemical poissoning, starvation, and/or vomitting. Shouldn’t hange color if healthy.

Question 8

When testing urine, what can Proteins tell you? What is normal?

Answer 8

Indicates inflammation, infection, kidney disesase, and/or chemical poisoning.

Question 9

What are the names of the antecubital veins?

Answer 9

Median cubital
cephalic
Basilic

Question 10

When are times you shouldn’t use alcohol to prep the area for puncture?

Answer 10

When the patient is being tested on alcohol levels.

When patient is allergic to alcohol

Question 11

When should you not use iodine to cleanse?

Answer 11

When you are doing a dermal puncture. (It interferes with testing like bilirubin, uric acid, phosporus and potatssium.

Question 12

What is the right way to taunt the skin when anchoring veins for venipuncture?

Answer 12

Taunt below the vein/puncture site.

Question 13

What angle do they want you to insert the needle at?

Answer 13

Between 15-30, but remember that some veins are topical and therefore don’t need an angle beyond 5

Question 14

What is the order of draw?

Answer 14

yellow, light blue, red, serum tube (tiger top), green, lavender, grey.

Question 15

What are the additives in each tube?

left off on page 12

Answer 15

yellow- SPS aerobic and aanaerobic tests
light blue- Sodium Citrate (NaCHO) 
red- Nothing
Tiger Top/Any serum tube- Serum tubes have silica gel for separation of blood and serum. 
green- heparin
lavender- EDTA
Grey- Sodium Flouride
Light Yellow- ACD
Dark Blue- Anything. Must be labeled.

Question 16

Why do we check newborn blood?

Answer 16

To check their metabolism and for early catches on diseases that are genetic or metabolic.

Question 17

What are the main metabolic and genetic diseases that we look for in newborns?

Answer 17

Cystic fibrosis-
Hypothyroidism-
PKU-
Galactosemia-
Biotinidase deficiency- 
Sickle cell disease-

Question 18

How long should the blood be left to dry on the filter paper when doing newborn metabolic checks?

Answer 18

Three Hours (Make sure you mail the filter papaer to the lab right away because if there are any positives, the baby must receive treatment IMMEDIATELY)

Question 19

Iatrogenic anemia

Answer 19

For phlebotomists, that’s when too much blood is lost due to sticking the patient too much. It is important to calculate their blood volume before donating so you can give an accurate estimate of how blood the person can lose.

Question 20

What are the names of the fasting tests, and how long should the patient be fasting?

Answer 20

Glucose Tolurance Test (GTT) - 12 hours

Question 21

Processing and Handling Specimens:

What do you do to ammonia and lactic acid tested specimen?

Answer 21

You put them in an ice slurry.

Question 22

Processing and Handling Specimens:

What do you do with cold agglutinins tested specimen?

Answer 22

Must be at body temperature, so you probably have to put it in an incubater? Idk. Body temperature is 98.7 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 37 degrees Celsius.