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CERT Skills Flashcards

1
Q

P.A.S.S

A

Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep

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2
Q

What are the three “killers”

A

closed airways, uncontrolled bleeding, shock

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3
Q

What are 3 things you need to check when performing triage?

A

steady breathing, circulation (capillary refill test), and mental status of the victim

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4
Q

What is a closed fracture?

A

No puncture in the skin caused by a broken bone

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5
Q

What is an open fracture?

A

Broken bone puncturing through the skin

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6
Q

What is a displaced fracture?

A

Bone breaking into 2 or more pieces that is not connected anymore

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7
Q

What is a nondisplaced fracture?

A

A broken bone with just a snap that could be hard to see and has no movement of a bone

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8
Q

What body temp does a patient have to have to consider hypothermia as a diagnosis?

A

95 degrees or lower

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9
Q

What are three factors that are needed for a fire to start?

A

Some sort of fuel, oxygen, heat

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10
Q

What is the most important factor to look at when choosing a fire extinguisher?

A

the fuel used to start the fire(classification)

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11
Q

Class A fire caused by?

A

Ordinary combustibles

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12
Q

Class B fire caused by?

A

Flammable liquids

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13
Q

Class C fire caused by?

A

Electrical items

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14
Q

Class D fire caused by?

A

combustible metals

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15
Q

Class K fire caused by?

A

things found in the kitchen(cooking oils, fats)

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16
Q

Foam fire etx?

A

Class A, B, D

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17
Q

Dry powder fire ext?

A

Class A, B, C, and D

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18
Q

Water fire ext

A

Class A

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19
Q

Carbon dioxide fire ext

A

Class B, D, and K

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20
Q

CERT Members # 1 priority?

A

personal safety, then to do the most good for as many people as possible

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21
Q

What is the biggest threat that can cause an obstructed airway?

A

tongue

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22
Q

Arterial Bleeding?

A

spurting red blood after every heartbeat

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23
Q

Venous Bleeding?

A

When a victim has a steady blood flow of darker blood

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24
Q

Capillary Bleeding?

A

Bleeding very slowly

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25
How do you stop bleeding?
Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, apply pressure (tie a bandage in a bow close off a large artery)
26
Where are the most common pressure points found?
Hip seam, groin, bicep, and forearm
27
Brachial pressure point?
Above the elbow
28
Popliteal pressure point?
Behind the knee
29
Femoral pressure point
In the upper thigh
30
What are symptoms of shock?
Rapid, shallow breathing, capillary refill greater than 2 seconds, failure to respond to a simple command ("squeeze my hand")
31
What is triage?
Separating victims into 4 groups of severity after a disaster
32
What are the 4 groups of triage and their colors?
Red-immediate, yellow-delayed, green- minor, black-death
33
What are biological terrorist attacks?
The exposure of a large population to a germ (ebola)
34
What is a chemical terrorist attack?
toxic gas, toxic solids, and liquids
35
What is a radiological terrorist attack?
Bombs but not nuclear bombs
36
What is a nuclear terrorist attack?
Nuclear bombs, intense light, intense heat, and intense pressure
37
What are the three keys of protection from terrorist attacks
distance, time, and shielding/protection
38
What does PPE stand for?
Personal Protective Equipment
39
In what order does dONning take place?
Hand hygiene, gown, respiratory equipment, eye protection, and gloves
40
In what order does dOFFing take place?
Gloves, eye protection, gown, respiratory protection, and hand hygiene
41
Types of disasters?
Natural-wildfires, hurricanes, earthquakes, etc Technological- hazardous material spill, nuclear power plant accident Intentional- terrorism using chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive weapons
42
What is Mitigation?
reduction of loss of life/property by lessening the impact of disaster
43
Non-structural hazards to fortify against
home fires, landslides, mudslides, wildfires
44
CERT members protected by...
- Good Samaritan Law - Volunteer Protection Act of 1977 - Relevant State Statue
45
CERT roles in fire safety
- ext small fires - prevent additional fires by removing fuel sources - shutting off utilities - assist with evacuations when necessary
46
What is Asphyxiant?
robs body of oxygen- administer EpiPen to restore breathing
47
What is L.I.E.S?
limit, isolate, eliminate, separate
48
Higher # on label of fire ext
greater amount of ext agent
49
All hazardous material placards...
are a stop sign for CERTS
50
What is S.T.A.R.T?
simple, triage, and, rapid, treatment
51
First priority of medical operations
Open airway, control excessive bleeding
52
Person is conscious..
open airway
53
Person is unconscious...
use head-tilt, chin-lift method
54
What is shock
result of ineffective circulation of blood. Remaining in shock leads to death of cells, tissues, and organs.
55
If hazard or terrorist event is suspected
CERT members don't respond
56
Triage evaluation...
check airway check circulation and bleeding check mental status
57
DCAP-BTLS
deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures, burns, tenderness, lacerations, and swelling
58
Order of assessment
Head, neck, shoulders, chest, arms, abdomen, pelvis, legs
59
What is RPM?
Respirations, perfusion, and mental status
60
1st degree burn
superficial- epidermis
61
2nd degree burn
partial thickness- dermis and epidermis
62
3rd degree burn
full thickness-subcutaneous layer, above layers
63
When treating a burn survivor...
Cool skin, cover burn loosely to keep air out, reduce pain, prevent infection
64
When treating a burn survivor DO NOT:
Use ice, apply ointments or other remedies or remove tissue, break blisters
65
Inhalation burn signs/symptoms
loss of consciousness, evidence of upper airway obstruction soot around mouth/nose, singed facial hair, burns around face/neck
66
How to do wound care
control bleeding, clean wound with room temperature water, apply dressing.bandages
67
If active bleeding:
redress over existing dressing
68
No active bleeding:
remove bandage, check for infection 4-6 hours
69
Signs of infection:
swelling, discoloration, discharge from wound, red striations
70
If amputated body part found:
save tissue parts, wrap in plastic bag, keep tissue cool but not in ice, remain near survivor
71
Dislocation:
injury to ligaments around joints
72
Signs of sprain:
tenderness at site, swelling/bruising, restricted use, loss of use
73
Trauma causes for nasal injuries:
blunt force to the nose, skull fracture
74
Control nasal injuries by:
pinching nostrils, put pressure on upper lip, have survivor sit with head forward and breathe through nose
75
cautions of nasal injuries:
large blood loss from nose bleed can lead to shock, blood loss may not be evident because survivors swallow it
76
Hypothermia:
body temp drops below normal
77
frost bite:
cold shuts down blood flow causing tissue death
78
heat cramps:
muscle spasm brought by over-exertion in heat
79
heat exhaustion:
exercising/working in heat results in loss of body fluids
80
heat stroke:
body temp; control system shuts down, rises so high that brain damage and death may result
81
Triage in french
to sort
82
What does C.E.R.T stand for?
community, emergency, response, team
83
All "immediates" get:
airway management, bleeding control, and treatment for shock before you or your buddy move to the next victim
84
If victim fails these tests (breathing problems, severe bleeding, and shock) tag as:
I - immediate
85
If victim passes those tests tag as:
D- delayed
86
Everyone gets a...
tag
87
record the number of..
victims including how many "I", "D", and "Dead" and their locations

CERT Skills (1 decks)

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