Cerebullum

Question 1

Site ?

Answer 1

• it lies in the posterior cranial fossa which is divided into right, left by internal occipital crest ( made by internal occipital protuberance to foramen magnum)
• lies posterior to 4th ventricle , brain stem
• covered by tentorium cerebli ( dural folds seperate it from brain )

Question 2

Size ? , shape ?

Answer 2

The largest part from the hindbrain (10 % from total weight )

Spherical

Question 3

Structure of it ?

Answer 3

• 2 cerebellar hemispheres joined by vermix
• vermix has tonsils
• it has 2 notches
  Anterior notch : lodges with brain stem.
  Posterior notch : lodges with falix cerebli

Question 4

Surfaces of it ?

Answer 4

• it is divided by many transverse fissures so it has laminated appearance
• the largest in depth is the HORIZONTAL FISSURE that divide it to superior, inferior part ( is also divided into ant , post)
• vermix is also divided into superior, inferior part
• superior part is divided by 4 fissures into 5 lobes
• lingula
• central lobule
• culmen
• declive
• folium
• inf part is divided by 3 fissures into 4 lobes (تبون)
• tuber
• pyramid
• uvula
• nodule

Question 5

Lobes of it ?

Answer 5

ANATOMICAL LOBES
* ant lobe : cranial to primary fissure
* middle lobe : between primary, posterolateral fissure
* fluculonoduler lobe : cranial to posterolateral fissure

FUNCTIONAL LOBES
Fluculonoduler lobe = archicerebullem= vestibulocerebullem
* maintains balance , control voluntary movements of eye and head

Paleocerebullem= spinocerebellum= vermix , para vermix of ant, post lobes (P)
* regulate muscle tone , coordination of highly skilled movements

Neocerebellum = cerebrocerebullem = lateral zones of cerebuller hemispheres
* planning , initiating of voluntary activity

Question 6

Connections of it ?

Answer 6

1- vestibulocerebullem
Aff : from vestibuler nuclei in pons , medulla pass through inf cerebellar peduncle
Eff: from cerebullem to vestibular nuclei , spinal cord through vestibulispinal tracts

2- spinocerebullem
Aff : from spinal cord controlling movements of trunk and limbs via spinocerebller cunocerebellar tracts through sup , inf peduncle

Eff : from cerebullem to red nuclei through sup peduncle

3- cerebrocerebllum
Aff : contralateral part of cerebram then to pontine nuclei then pass through middle peduncle then cerebullem

Eff : from dentate nuclei to red nuclei through sup peduncle then to vl of thalamus then to motor area of cerebral cortex

Question 7

Peduncles ?

Answer 7

1- sup -> midbrain
2- middle ( the biggest ) -> pons
3- inf -> medulla

Question 8

Blood supply of it ?

Answer 8

1- pica
- from vertebral artery
- supply the posteroinferior part of it , inferior peduncle

2- aica
- from basilar artery
- supply the anterolateral part of it , middle peduncle

3- superior cerebuller artey
- from basilar artery
- supply the superior part of it , sup peduncle

Question 9

Function of it

Answer 9

1- maintains balance
2- voluntary movements of eye, head
3- regulate muscle tone
4- coordinate in highly skilled movements
5- planning , initiating voluntary activities

Question 10

Lesions of it ?

Answer 10

1- ataxia , staggering
2- NYSTAGMUS of eyes
3- hypotonia
4- dysdiedochokinesia : inability to perform alternating movements regularly rapidly
5- tremors * in limbs
* during movement only
6- dysmetria : inability to measure distance