Cerebrum Flashcards
What are the lobes that the brain is divided in and their boundaries
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
The frontal lobe is separated from the parietal lobe by a sulcus called the central sulcus. The parietal lobe is separated from the occipital lobe by another sulcus called the parietooccipital sulcus. The temporal lobe is separated from the frontal and parietal lobe by another sulcus call3 the lateral sulcus. The is also a notch on the inferior side between the occipital and temporal lobe and it’s called the prioccipital notch, if we draw and imaginary line from that notch up to the pariatooccipital sulcus, then it makes a perfect separation between the temporal and occipital lobe
What are the nucleuses you can find in the frontal lobe
Primary motor cortex - pricentral gyrus
Motor association cortex
Frontal eye field
Prefrontal cortex
Broca’s area
What is the function of the precentral gyrus
The precentral gyrus also called the primary motor cortex - it stimulates voluntary movement of skeletal muscles - more precisely the limbs/trunk and head/neck
What’s the function of the motor association cortex
It’s involved in planning, sequencing and executing the motor movements
What’s the function of the frontal eye field
Voluntary saccadic eye movement.
What’s the function of the prefrontal cortex
It’s involved in our personalities/behaviour
Working memory
Cognitive
Intellect
Reasoning, judgment and decision making
Motor planning
What’s the function of Broca’s area
It’s involved in muscles of speech production
Located primarily on the dominant hemisphere - left side of the frontal lobe on right handed people
Name all the nucleus’s of the parietal lobe
Primary somatosensory cortex - also called post central gyrus
Somatosensory association cortex
Posterior association cortex
What’s the function of the primary somatosensory cortex
Fine touch or discriminative touch
Pain & temp
Proprioception
What’s the function of the somatosensory association cortex
Analysis of somatic sensation
Recognition of these somatic sensations
What’s the function of the posterior association cortex
This one is also called multi modity association, this is because all the information that’s “collect” by the visual, auditory & sensory cortex’s all meet here
Name all the nucleus’s of the temporal lobe
Primary auditory cortex
Auditory association cortex
Wernickets area
Primary olfactory cortex and association cortex
What’s the function of the primary auditory cortex
Awareness of sound such as the pitch, frequency & location of the sound
What’s the function of auditory association cortex
To analyse, recognise and make sense of the sound based on the pitch, frequency and location of it. Also to store it in memory for you to recognise the sound when you hear it again
What’s the function of wernickets area
Language comprehension
Written & spoken
What’s the function of primary olfactory cortex and association cortex
Awareness of smell & to analyse & recognition of smell
Name the parts of the basal ganglia
Caudate
Putamen
Globus pallidus
Sub thalamus
Thalamus
Substansia nigra
Caudate & putamen makes together striatum
Putamen & globes pallidus make together lentiform
what is nuclei
A group of cell bodies present in the central nervous system
What is ganglion
A group of cell bodies present in the peripheral nervous system
Which fibers carry the slow pain and which ones carry fast pain + through which tract
C fibers carry slow pain and A delta fibers carry fast pain and both through the spinothalamic tract
Name all the cranial nerves
- Olfactory n.
- Optic N.
- Oculomotor N.
- Trochlear N.
- Trigeminal N.
- Abducens N
- Facial N.
- Vestibularcochlear N.
- Glossopharygeal N.
- Vagus N.
- accessory N.
- Hypoglossal N.
Name CN1
Olfactory nerve
Name CN 2
Optic nerve
Name CN 3
Oculomotor nerve
Name CN 4
Trochlear nerve
Name CN 5
Trigeminal nerve
name CN 6
Abducens nerve
Name CN 7
Facial nerve
Name CN 9
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Name CN 8
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Name CN 10
Vagus nerve
Name CN 11
Accessory nerve
Name CN 12
Hypoglossal nerve
Where can you find the medial geniculate ncl and what is its function
We can fiddle it in the thalamus - precisely in the lateral portion
Medial geniculate ncl - is involved with hearing. It receive input from the inf. colliculus, which receives its information from the vestibulocochlear nerve, through the lateral lemeniscus
Where can wee find the lateral geniculate ncl and what is its function
We can find it in the thalamus - precisely lateral posterior portion. It’s involved with vision, it receives information from the optic nerve through the optic tract and it sends tat information on to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe
What’s is the function of superior colliculus & the inferior colliculus
Superior colliculus: involved with reflective movements of the head from a visual stimulus
Inferior colliculus; involved with reflective movements of the head from auditory stimulus
