Cerebrum Flashcards
The following does not form part of the structure of the internal capsule:
a. anterior limb
b. splenium
c. posterior limb
d. retrolentiform part
e. sublentiform part
B
Which statement is not true: The precentral gyrus: /
a. Is in the frontal lobe
b. Is the only motor area of the cerebral cortex
c. Represents the body by means of the motor homunculus
d. Is supplied by the anterior and middle cerebral artery
e. The corticospinal tract arises from this gyrus
B
On the cerebral hemisphere:
a. The cortical area associated with general sensation is in the parietal lobe
b. The visual area is on the medial side of the occipital lobe
c. The auditory area is at the anterior end of the superior temporal gyrus
d. The motor speech area is in the superior frontal gyrus
D
The corpus callosum:
a. Has a body which is inferior to the anterior cerebral arteries
b. Forms the roof of the central part of the lateral ventricles
c. Is superior to the fornix where it passes through the central part of the lateral ventricles
d. Has, from anterior to posterior, the following parts: rostrum, genu, body and splenium
e. Is separated from the fornix by the lamina terminalis
E
The cerebrum consists of the:
a. Thalamus and basal ganglia
b. Telencephalon and midbrain
c. Telencephalon and diencephalon
d. Brainstem and prosencephalon
e. Cerebellum and prosencephalon
C
Brodmann’s area 4 corresponds to the:
a. Primary motor cortex
b. Premotor cortex
c. Broca’s area
d. Primary sensory cortex
e. None of the above
A
Wernicke’s aphasia is caused by a:
a. A lesion in the superior temporal gyrus
b. A lesion in the inferior temporal gyrus
c. A lesion in the inferior frontal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere
d. Lesions in the midbrain
e. None of the above
A
The frontal lobe includes all of the following areas except:
a. Wernicke’s area
b. Primary motor cortex (area 4)
c. Precentral gyrus
d. Broca’s area
e. Ocular motor control area
A
The diencephalon is bounded laterally by the:
a. Internal capsule
b. Fourth ventricle
c. Optic tract
d. Third ventricle
e. None of the above
A
Motor and sensory areas on the lateral surface of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes of the brain are mainly supplied by the:
a. middle cerebral a.
b. anterior cerebral a.
c. posterior communicating a.
d. posterior cerebral a.
e. superior cerebellar a.
A
The central sulcus separates the:
a. occipital and temporal lobes
b. temporal and parietal lobes
c. frontal and parietal lobes
d. occipital and frontal lobes
e. frontal and temporal lobes
C
The pre-central gyrus is found in the:
a. frontal lobe
b. parietal lobe
c. occipital lobe
d. temporal lobe
e. insula
A
The post-central gyrus is found in the:
a. occipital lobe
b. frontal lobe
c. parietal lobe
d. temporal lobe
e. insula
C
The functional area for general sensation is found on the:
a. superior temporal gyrus
b. middle frontal gyrus
c. post-central gyrus
d. cingulate gyrus
e. pre-central gyrus
C
The hearing area is found at the:
a. precentral gyrus
b. postcentral gyrus
c. superior temporal gyrus
d. parahippocampal gyrus
e. calcarine sulcus
C
The visual area is:
a. at the central sulcus
b. at the precentral sulcus
c. in the superior temporal gyrus
d. at the postcentral sulcus
e. at the calcarine sulcus
E
The arcuate fasciculus binds these functional areas: / :
a. hearing and visual
b. Broca and hearing
c. Wernicke and visual
d. Broca and Wernicke
e. smell (olfaction) and taste
D
The olfactory area lies on the:
a. superior temporal gyrus
b. superior parietal gyrus
c. inferior frontal gyrus
d. uncus of the parahippocampal gyrus
e. calcarine sulcus
D
Which numbers represent Brodmann’s numbers for the primary sensory area in the parietal lobe?
a. 44, 45
b. 4
c. 3, 1, 2
d. 22
e. 6
C
Which type of white fibres forms the internal capsule?
a. Projection fibres
b. Long association fibres
c. Commissure fibres
d. Short association fibres
e. None of the above
A
Which statement about the corpus callosum is incorrect?
a. It forms the roof of the central part of the lateral ventricles
b. It consists of a rostrum, genu, body and splenium
c. It forms part of the group of fibres in the brain known as projection fibres
d. It is not a cortical structure
C
The post-central gyrus is found in the:
a. occipital lobe
b. frontal lobe
c. parietal lobe
d. temporal lobe
e. insula
C
Which statement about the precentral gyrus is not true?
a. Is in the frontal lobe
b. Is the only motor area of the cerebral cortex
c. Represents the body by means of the homunculus
d. Is supplied by the middle and anterior cerebral arteries
B
Stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery is a cause of insufficient blood supply to the cortex. Name four (4) functional areas located in the supply area of the blood vessel, which may be affected.
[Any correct 4 = 4)
Primary motor (4) Secondary motor (6)
Frontal eye field (8) Primary sensory (3,1,2)
Sensory association area (5,7) Wernicke’s speech area (22, 39, 40)
Motor speech area (44, 45) Primary auditory area / Acoustic (41)
Auditory association area (42)
A patient is diagnosed with an aneurysm in the region where the left anterior cerebral artery exits from the internal carotid artery.
a. Name the surfaces of the brain supplied by the anterior cerebral artery. Be specific in you ANSWER. You may use a drawing to illustrate your ANSWER.
Pass to orbital and medial surfaces of cerebral hemispheres
Supply up to parieto-occipital sulcus
Superior frontal gyrus, equal surface of parietal lobe
A patient is diagnosed with an aneurysm in the region where the left anterior cerebral artery exits from the internal carotid artery.
Which part/parts of the motor Homunculus is/are supplied by the anterior cerebral artery, and might be affected with rupture of the aneurysm?
Hip to foot
. A neurosurgeon decides to sever the corpus callosum in a patient suffering from severe epilepsy in an attempt to improve the patient’s quality of life.
a. Name the parts of the corpus callosum that can be identified.
Rostrum, Genu, Body/Corpus, Splenium
Which parts of the corpus callosum links: (i) the frontal lobes; (ii) the occipital lobes?
(i) Forceps minor
(ii) Forceps major
Which parts of the corpus callosum links: (i) the frontal lobes; (ii) the occipital lobes?
(i) Forceps minor
(ii) Forceps major
What is the relationship between the corpus callosum and the anterior horns and central part of the lateral ventricles?
Anterior horns: Lateral wall
Central part of the lateral ventricles: Lateral wall
Which meningeal fold is located directly superior to the corpus callosum?
Falx cerebri
With which lobe, as well as gyrus or sulcus, in the cerebral hemispheres do you associate the following functional areas?
Primary motor area (Brodmann area 4)
Precentral gyrus in frontal lobe
With which lobe, as well as gyrus or sulcus, in the cerebral hemispheres do you associate the following functional areas?
Primary visual area (Brodmann area 17)
Calcerine sulcus in the frontal lobe
With which lobe, as well as gyrus or sulcus, in the cerebral hemispheres do you associate the following functional areas?
Broca’s motor speech area (Brodmann area 44, 45)
Inferior frontal gyrus in frontal lobe
With which lobe, as well as gyrus or sulcus, in the cerebral hemispheres do you associate the following functional areas?
Primary auditory area (Brodmann area 41)
Superior temporal gyrus
With which lobe, as well as gyrus or sulcus, in the cerebral hemispheres do you associate the following functional areas?
Auditory association area (Brodmann area 42)
Superior temporal gyrus
Classify the white fibres of the brain and give an example of each.
Association fibres:
Long association fibres :
Superior longitudinal fasciculus
Inferior longitudinal fasciculus
Arcuate fasciculus
Cingulate fasciculus / Fasciculus cingilum
Short association fibres:
Link adjacent gyri
Fornix
Projection fibres: [any fibre tract]
Geniculocalcarine/ optic radiation /
Auditory radiation
Thalamic radiations
Corticospinal (pyramidal tract)
Corona radiata
Corticopontine fibres
Corticothalamic fibres
Internal capsule
Corticopontine
Frontopontine + temporopontine
Corticothalamic
Corticorubral
Commissural fibres:
Anterior commissure
Posterior commissure
Commissure of fornix
Corpus callosum
The corpus callosum links the cortex in one cerebral hemisphere with the cortex in the other hemisphere.
a. Name the parts, from anterior to posterior, of the corpus callosum.
Rostrum, Genu, Body/Corpus, Splenium
Give the name of the fibre bundle from the corpus callosum that links the left and right occipital lobes.
Forceps major
