cerebrovascular disorders - prepU Flashcards
A cerebral aneurysm is a type of hemorrhagic stroke that is characterized by an __________ _____________.
exploding headache
what kind of aphasia is characterized by a combination of expressive and receptive aphasia where the patient can’t form understandable words or comprehend spoken words?
global aphasia
what diagnostic test needs to be performed within 25 minutes or less in a patient with a suspected stroke?
non-contrast CT
this will determine if it’s hemorrhagic or ischemic
what are the primary, initial S/S of a hemorrhagic stroke?
-severe headache
-vomiting
-early change in LOC
-seizures
what are the primary, initial S/S of a ischemic stroke?
-numbness/ weakness on one side of the body
-confusion/ change in mental status
-trouble speaking/ understanding
____________ ____________(loss of half of the visual field) may occur from stroke and may be temporary or permanent.
Homonymous hemianopsia
Double vision is documented as _________.
diplopia
__________ is ocular bobbing (rapid, involuntary, rhythmic eye movements) and may be seen in multiple sclerosis.
Nystagmus
what is it called when a patients pupils are unequal?
Anisocoria
If a patient in the ED gets imaging done and it shows an embolus partially obstructing the right carotid artery, what kind of stroke is this?
ischemic - BLOOD IS BEING OBSTRUCTED FROM GETTING TO THE BRAIN
what is the best bed positioning for a patient to maintain for a patient having a hemorrhagic stroke and why?
semi-fowlers
-this is going to promote venous drainage and decrease ICP
what are common deficits a patient who had a right sided stroke will exhibit?
-perceptual deficits
-left visual deficits
-left sided paralysis/ weakness
what factors need to be met in order for a patient to receive TPA?
-patient can NOT have a low platelet count
-blood pressure needs to be less than or equal to 185 systolic, 110 diastolic
-patient can not have had received LMW heparin in the last 24 hours
-PT needs to be equal to or less than 15 seconds
-spatial deficits
-neglect of the left side of the body, objects and people on the left side
-tendency to distractibility
-left sided hemiplegia
-impulsive behavior
-unaware of deficits
-poor judgment
-deficits in left visual field
-misjudging distances
-difficulty distinguishing upside down/ right side up
-short term memory impairment
These are complications of a stroke on the ______ side of the brain.
right
-expressive aphasia
-right sided deficits
-problems with abstract thinking
These are complications of a _______ sided stroke.
left
why is heparin contraindicated in a patient who experienced/ experiencing a hemorrhagic stroke?
increase bleeding
what kinds of conditions are associated causes of a hemorrhagic stroke?
-arteriovenous malformations
-trauma
-intracerebral aneurysm rupture
what illicit drug can cause an ischemic stroke due to it being a potent vasoconstrictor?
cocaine
Which of the following is the most common side effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?
bleeding
monitor closely: IV sites, gums, stool/urine, intracranial-so monitoring LOC
what is agnosia?
the failure to recognize familiar objects
what are 4 contraindications of receiving TPA?
-intracranial hemorrhage
-neoplasm (tumor, abnormal mass)
-aneurysm
-major surgical procedures within the last 14 days
-an INR higher than 1.7
-BP higher than 185/110
__________ aphasia affects the ability to understand written or spoken words.
receptive
Which is the most common motor dysfunction seen in clients diagnosed with stroke?
hemiplegia - paralysis of one side of the body
what are common deficits a patient who had a left sided stroke will exhibit?
-aphasia
-slow, cautious behavior
-altered intellectual ability
