Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 1

Functions of CSF?

Answer 1

Supply nutrients to nervous system
Remove metabolic waste
Cushion the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

CSF Volume
Adults ______ mL
Neonates _______mL

Answer 2

Adults: 140-170ml
Neonates: 10-60mL

Question 3

Capillary networks that form the CSF

Answer 3

Choroid plexus

Question 4

Separates the blood tissue & brain tissue

Answer 4

BBB

Question 5

Functional barrier; separates the blood
tissue & CSF

Answer 5

BCB

Question 6

Tube 1 for CSF collection is for what section and storage

Answer 6

Chemistry and serology / Frozen

Question 7

Tube 2 in CSF is for what section and storage

Answer 7

Microbiology / Room temp (20-20 C)

Question 8

Tube 3 in CSF is for what section and storage

Answer 8

Hematology / Ref temp (2-8 C)

Question 9

Appearance: Crystal Clear

Answer 9

Normal

Question 10

Appearance: Cloudy, Milky, Turbid

Answer 10

Protein, Lipid, WBC

Question 11

Appearance: Xanthochromic

Answer 11

Hemoglobin, Bilirubin, Carotene, ↑ Protein,
Melanin

Question 12

Apperance: Oily

Answer 12

Radiographic contrast media

Question 13

Appearance: Pellicle

Answer 13

Tubercular Meningitis; seen after
overnight or refrigeration

Question 14

Xanthrochromic colors: Pink

Answer 14

oxyhemoglobin

Question 15

Xanthrochromic colors: Yellow

Answer 15

high bilirubin content

Question 16

Xanthrochromic colors: orange

Answer 16

combination of oxyhgB & B1 content

Question 17

The cell count that is routinely performed on CSF specimens

Answer 17

leukocyte/white
blood cell count

Question 18

increase number of cells in CSF

Answer 18

PLEOCYTOSIS

Question 19

In cell count/ deferential count, the normal value of adult is ________

Answer 19

0-5 cells/uL – predominant cells: Lymphocytes

Question 20

In cell count/ deferential count, the normal value of NEONATES _________

Answer 20

0-30 cells/uL – predominant cells: Monocytes

Question 21

QC: Results manual count should agree with the automated count by positive or
minus _____%

Answer 21

25%

Question 22

Counting of cells: ____ Larger corner squares and large ______ square

Answer 22

4 and center

Question 23

distance between cover slip & counting chamber

Answer 23

Depth: 0.1 mm (standard)

Question 24

Area of counting chamber

Answer 24

1mm per square

Question 25

CSF glutamine NORMAL VALUE

Answer 25

8-18 mg/dL

Question 26

In lactate, Falsely elevated obtained from _____ or ________

Answer 26

xanthochromic or hemolyzed sample

Question 27

Predominant cell in VIRAL

Answer 27

LYMPHOCYTE

Question 28

Major lab tests for a preliminary diagnosis

Answer 28

Gram stain, Acid fast, India ink prep, Latex agglutination test

Question 29

Predominant cell (BACTERIAL)

Answer 29

Neutrophil

Question 30

Predominant cell (FUNGAL)

Answer 30

Lymphocyte, Monocyte, eosinophil

Question 31

Lactate (viral)

Answer 31

Normal

Question 32

Lactate tubercular and fungal- >25mg/dL (true or false)

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

lactate (bacterial)

Answer 33

>35mg/dL

Question 34

routinely performed in CSF for all suspected cases of meningitis

Answer 34

Gram stain

Question 35

Common cause of Meningitis (INFANTS) clue: SEL

Answer 35

S. agalactiae, E. coli K1 strain, and L. monocytogens

Question 36

Common cause of Meningitis (ADULTS)

Answer 36

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B, and N. meningitides

Question 37

Common cause of Meningitis (ELDERLY)

Answer 37

S. pneumoniae, N. meningitedes, L. monocytogenes

Question 38

Cryptococcal meningitis one of the frequently occurring complications of ______

Answer 38

AIDS

Question 39

Cryptococcus Neoformans Gram stain: _________

Answer 39

starburst pattern

Question 40

test for diagnosis of gram negative bacteria

Answer 40

Limulus Lysate Test

Question 41

Limulus lysate test: Reagent _________

Answer 41

blood cell of horseshoe crab (limulus polyphemus)