cerebral pathology

Question 1

commonest site for stroke

Answer 1

MCA

Question 2

contralateral leg paresis, sensory loss, cognitive deficits (e.g. apathy, confusion, and
poor judgment)

Answer 2

ACA

Question 3

contralateral weakness and sensory loss of face and arm
• cortical sensory loss
aphasia

Answer 3

dominant hemisphere (usually left) MCA

Question 4

contralateral weakness and sensory loss of face and arm
• cortical sensory loss
neglect

Answer 4

non-dominant hemisphere MCA

Question 5

eye deviation towards the side of lesion and away from weak side

Answer 5

MCA

Question 6

contralateral hemianopia or quadrantanopia
• midbrain findings: CN III and IV palsy/pupillary changes, hemiparesis
• thalamic findings: sensory loss, amnesia, decreased level of consciousness

Answer 6

PCA

Question 7

cortical blindness or face blindness

Answer 7

bilateral PCA

Question 8

impaired Extra-ocular movements, vertical nystagmus, reactive miosis,
hemi- or quadriplegia, dysarthria, locked-in syndrome, coma

Answer 8

proximal basilar artery

Question 9

somnolence, memory and

behavior abnormalities, oculomotor deficit

Answer 9

distal basilar artery - ie top of the basilar syndrome also known as rostral brainstem infarction

Question 10

ipsilateral ataxia, ipsilateral Horner’s, ipsilateral facial sensory loss, contralateral limb impairment of pain and temperature sensation, nystagmus, vertigo, nausea/vomiting, dysphagia, dysarthria, hiccups

Answer 10

posterior inferior cerebral artery - also known as lateral medullary or wallenbergs syndrome

Question 11

contralateral hemiparesis facial sparing
contralateral impaired proprioception and vibration sensation,
ipsilateral tongue weakness

Answer 11

medial medullary infarct due to anterior spinal artery or cord artery infarct)

Question 12

which part of brain affected in locked-in syndrome

Answer 12

pons

Question 13

which part of brain affected in weber’s syndrome:

ipsilateral oculomotor cranial nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia

Answer 13

midbrain - PCA occlusion

Question 14

which part of brain affected when there is:

hoarseness, dysphagia, reduced gag reflex

Answer 14

medulla - wallenberg’s syndrome/lateral medullary syndrome

Question 15

which part of brain affected with pure sensory or motor loss

Answer 15

internal capsule

Question 16

hemangioblastoma of cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord, retina;
renal cysts, pheochromocytomas

which syndrome

Answer 16

von hippel-lindau

Question 17

giant cell astrocytoma; cortical tuber; supependymal nodules and calcifications on CT

which syndrome

Answer 17

tuberous sclerosis

Question 18

optic glioma, neurofibroma astrocytoma,

which syndrome

Answer 18

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Question 19

vestibular schwannoma, meningioma, ependymoma,
astrocytoma

which syndrome

Answer 19

Neurofibromatosis type 2

Question 20

astrocytoma, PNET; many other tumours too (sarcomas, breast cancer,
leukemia)

which syndrome

Answer 20

Li-Fraumeni

Question 21

glioblastoma multiforme, medulloblastoma, pineoblastoma

which syndrome

Answer 21

turcot syndrome

Question 22

pituitary adenoma associated with which syndrome

Answer 22

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