Cerebral Palsy, Encephalitis, Intercranial malignancies and Chiara Malformation Flashcards
What causes CP
Brain damage in utero, during birth or shortly after birth
Are they born with musculoskeletal problems?
No, it develops over time
Define CP
Most common heterogenous neurodisability - 1.4 per 1000 live births
Name the 3 types of infective encephalitis
- Viral
- Arbovirus (bite of mosquito or tic)
- Bacterial or Fungal
Which of the 3 types of infective encephalitis is more common
Viral
Least common infective encephalitis
Bacterial/fungal
What is autoimmune encephalitis?
When the immune system attacks the brain causing inflammation
What are the signs of infective encephalitis?
Fatigue
Headache
High fever
Mild-moderate neck stiffness
What are the signs of Autoimmune encephalitis?
Confusion
Loss of consciousness
Seizure
Personality changes
Nausea and vomiting
Speech issues
Weakness of/loss of movement
What type of injury is an Intracranial Malignancy?
Acquired Brain Injury
What is the most common site for a Paediatric brain tumour
Posterior fossa (60%)
What causes Chiara Malformation?
The lower part of the brain pushes down on the spinal canal
What does Chiara Malformation cause?
Pressure on the brainstem and spinal cord
Obstruction of fluid flow
How many types of Chiara Malformation are there
3
Chiara type 1
Often no symptoms
Chiara type 2
Associated with neural tube deficits, particularly myelomeningocele (type of spina bifida)
Chiara type 3
Most severe
Which types of CM are associated with hydrocephalus and bulbar presentations
2 and 3
Does infective encephalitis develop slowly or quickly
Quickly
Does autoimmune encephalitis develop slowly or quickly
Develops more slowly and causes neurological symptoms
