Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

Cerebral Palsy

Answer 1

Most common cause of crippling in children
separate group of NM disorders that result from prenatal, perinatal or postnatal

3 major types
Spastic - most common type 50%
Athetoid - 20%
Ataxic - 10%
20% CP pts mixed with combo of symptoms

slightly more common in males that females

Question 2

Causes

Answer 2

Prenatal conditions
Perinatal and birth difficulties
Infection or trauma during infancy

Question 3

Complications

Answer 3

Seizure disorder
Injuries from falls
Speech, vision, and hearing problems
Language and perception deficits
Respiratory problems
Dental problems 
Mental retardation

Question 4

Dx

Answer 4

Early diagnosis is essential for effective tx
CT and MRI can reveal structural or congenital abnormalities
Suspect CP in an infant:
Difficulty sucking
Seldom moves voluntarily
Crosses legs when pulled up
Has legs that are difficult to separate
Persistently uses only one hand or as they get older, uses hands well, but not legs

Question 5

Infants at Risk

Answer 5

LBW
Low apgar scores at 5 min.
Seizures
Metabolic disturbances

All infants should be screened as part of 6 month exam

Question 6

Tx

Answer 6

Can’t be cured, but can be treated
Includes interventions that encourage optimal development
Braces, splints, appliances
Artificial urinary sphincter
ROM
Ortho surgery, botox shown to decrease need for surgery
Seizure meds
Muscle relaxants
interdisciplinary team

Question 7

Special Considerations

Answer 7

Encourage to be as independent as possible

Families need support as well