cerebral cortex

Question 1

how many layers are in the cerebral cortex

Answer 1

6

Question 2

what is in the external granular layer

Answer 2

basket cells , chandelier cells , granular cells

Question 3

which cells are in the external pyramidal layer

Answer 3

small pyramidal neurons and basket cells

Question 4

which cells are in the internal granular layer

Answer 4

granular cells, stellate cells , neuroglial form cells

Question 5

which cells are in internal pyramidal layer

Answer 5

big pyramidal neurons

Question 6

most of the interneurons are inhibitory except ?

Answer 6

cortical stellate cells

Question 7

inhibtory neurons cell type

Answer 7

stellate cells
chandelier cells
neuroglial cells
basket cells

Question 8

association fibers with in hemisphere is connected by

Answer 8

cingulum

Question 9

commisural fibers which connect 2 hemispheres

Answer 9

corpus collasum & fornix

Question 10

tell me the steps of ascending tracs

Answer 10

Receptor
1st neuron which is DRG , which is an cluster of cell bodies outside Spinal cord
2nd neuron which is located in posterior horn
3rd neuron which is subcortical centres
at last it reaches cerebral coretx

Question 11

tell me the steps of descending tract of somatosensory

Answer 11

cortex or brainstem
interneuron in anterior horn
motor neuron in ascending horn
skeletal muscle or myotome

Question 12

which cell has a mesodermal origin

Answer 12

microglial cells in CNS

Question 13

activated microglia are in which form?

Answer 13

ameboid form with circulating monocytes

Question 14

outer pyramidal layer has which projection? and where does it projects

Answer 14

has efferent projections
and it does project to different cortical regions

Question 15

now tell me abt inner pyramidal layer projections

Answer 15

it has effernt projections and does innervates cranial nuclei such as caudate , putamen , pons , red nucleus , and reticular formation
and also does cranial nerve , spinal cord , and brainsteam

Question 16

now tell me abt layer 6 and 4

Answer 16

they both have opposite projections 4 have affernt and 6 have efferent and both does the thalamus

Question 17

which is the most frequent type in interneurons or most abundantly presnt

Answer 17

stellate cells

Question 18

stellate cells are excitatory at

Answer 18

somatosensory cortex

Question 19

stellate cells are inhibitory at

Answer 19

cerebllum

Question 20

which is the true interneuron

Answer 20

Neuroglial form

Question 21

describe me basket neuron morphologically

Answer 21

long horizontal axon terminals
basket like terminal around the cell body

Question 22

which cell has a property of double inhibition

Answer 22

cells with columnar axon arborization

Question 23

descending cholinergic projection has which nucleus ?

Answer 23

nucleus basalis of myenert then after that it goes to Ant hypothalamus then vagus nuclei of spinal cord S2 - S4

Question 24

what is Nucleus

Answer 24

Bundle of nerve cells inside CNS

Question 25

what is cortex

Answer 25

covering of grey matter on the cerebellum and cerebrum

Question 26

what happens in CO transmission?

Answer 26

we have different vesicles, different neurotransmitters do not mix

Question 27

what happens in co-release?

Answer 27

we have the same vesicles with different neurotransmitters and they Mix

Question 28

what are the parts of the limbic system?

Answer 28

Cortical divisions ;
hippocampus
insula
cingulate gyrus
orbitofrontal cortex
parahippocampal gyrus
Subcortical divisions ;
septal nuclei
olfactory system
amygdala
Ant thalamic nuclei